Introduction:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for nephropathy and cardiovascular morbidity. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) gives direct inference of brachial hemodynamics (BH) and central hemodynamics (CH). We studied relation of them with diabetic nephropathy (DN) among type-2 diabetics (T2D).Methods:We studied oscillometric PWA by a cross-sectional study in 160 T2Ds. Using Mobil-o-Graph (IEM, Germany), we derived BH (blood pressure, pulse pressure index, rate pressure product) and CH (aortic pressure, cardiac index, stroke volume index, stroke work). They were further compared and associated with DN in terms of creatinine, proteinuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Results:There were 89 males, mean age 56 years, mean duration 4.8 years, 80% hypertensive predominantly using ACE inhibitors, poor glycemic blood pressure (BP) control, mainly mild-to-moderate DN, mean eGFR 88.2, 34% prevalence of proteinuria. Arterial stiffness was high with female disadvantage. BH and CH parameters were not different with or without DN using proteinuria or eGFR (60 cutoff) criteria. BH, CH correlated insignificantly with creatinine and eGFR. Female disadvantage, correlation with bSBP and aSBP were only significant results.Conclusions:BH and CH are not related to eGFR and proteinuria in predominantly hypertensive, Gujarati diabetics with mild-to-moderate nephropathy suggesting need of other cardiovascular parameters.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus, causative agent in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is fast becoming a major threat in the Indian subcontinent, with an estimated 3.7 million persons being infected with HIV. HIV infection is complicated by various opportunistic infections (OIs) such as tuberculosis (TB), candidiasis, herpes zoster, Pneumocystis jirvoceii, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). This study carried out to know the clinical profile of HIV patients with OIs. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was (i) to assess the pattern of OIs in HIV infected patients visiting ART Centre of Sir T Hospital; (ii) to estimate the proportions of various OIs among HIV infected patients; and (iii) to assess the frequency distribution of OIs with different CD4 counts categories. Materials and Methods: A case series study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. A hospital based case series study was conducted after taking permission from ethical committee among 400 HIV patients with OIs Government Medical College and Sir T General Hospital, Bhavnagar during January 2021–September 2021. Data were collected to gather information on clinical profile. The statistical tests used were descriptive statistics and independent t-test. Results: Among 400 patients, 26% were females and 74% males. High proportions of patients were observed in 30–39 years of age group and heterosexual route was the most common mode of transmission. TB (51.25%) is the most frequent OI followed by candidiasis (49%), pneumocystis (8.75%) and others. The mean CD4 cell count in TB was 206.78 cells/mm3 and in candidiasis 205.73 cells/mm3. Low values were observed in promyelocytic leukemia 45 cells/mm3, CMV 90 cells/mm3 and in toxoplasmosis 80.5 cells/mm3. Conclusions: Respiratory system was the most common system involved by OIs and most of patients with OIs had CD4 T cell count below 200 cells/mm3, whereas there were no patients in the study with counts above 500 cells/mm3.
INTRODUCTION: Acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) occurs most commonly when thrombus formation causes occlusion of a major coronary vessel. Thrombolytic therapy is a signicant advancement in the treatment of STEMI. Clinical trials have established the safety and efcacy of thrombolytic therapy in STEMI when administered within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms; the earlier it is administered, the greater the benet. METHODOLOGY: A Cross-sectional observational study was carried out at Sir T. Hospital, Bhavnagar. 100 Acute STEMI (ST elevation myocardial infarction) patients admitted in ICCU during august 2021 to July 2022 after taking informed written consent were subjected to detailed history and complete physical examination and data collected was noted in a predesigned Performa. Among 100 patients, majority of the cases were in age group of 51 to 60 yrs RESULTS: . Male patients are predominantly affected than female patients. IV Streptokinase thrombolytic therapy in acute STEMI pa CONCLUSION: tients within golden hours improved the reperfusion of myocardium and also associated with reduction of adverse events and decreased mortality.
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