The use of scrap metal and waste solves the problems of preservation of natural resources, reduces energy and economic costs. In mechanical engineering, aluminum bronzes are one of the most popular, they are used in products where such indicators as high strength and ductility, wear resistance and corrosion resistance are needed. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to make a surfacing electrode from scrap copper alloys, to investigate the properties and the coating processes when applying this material. (Materials and methods) The article presents the microstructure and microhardness of the secondary bronze coating and the material for surfacing by the method of electroerosive dispersion of bronze scrap. A compact semi-finished product was created from the resulting powder using spark plasma sintering technology, which was applied to steel samples by electric spark treatment. (Results and discussion) The study of the microhardness of the coatings showed that the coatings made of bronze BrAZh9-4 have a microhardness approximately 1.7-2 times greater than sintered bronze, while the characteristics of the thermal influence zone and its presence directly depend on the substrate material and the electrode material. When getting materials by this method, the elemental composition can be adjusted depending on the required tasks. (Conclusions) The studied material after spark plasma sintering consists of finely dispersed spherical grains, which affects the application parameters and coating characteristics. When applying a coating with the same electrode to different grades of steel, the coating changes with the same parameters of the material application.
Additive technologies become to be widely used in modern mechanical engineering. There are different methods and equipment for carrying out this task, but they all require a starting material - a metal powder with certain physical and chemical characteristics. In modern realities, it is important for Russia to provide itself with high-quality and inexpensive raw materials, which justifies the search for new methods. (Research purpose) The research purpose is considering the most popular and energy-efficient methods of manufacturing metal powder materials for additive manufacturing, justifying the use of a promising method of electroerosive dispersion, which allows obtaining powders with the required characteristics from mechanical engineering waste. (Materials and methods) Literature sources, scientific papers, as well as laboratory equipment were used to study the properties of powder materials, in detail: Olympus GX-51 inverted metallographic microscope, Microtrac Bluewave particle size analyzer, Autosorb-1 specific surface area analyzer, QUANTA 600 FEG electron-ion scanning microscope, drying cabinet SHS-80-01 SPU, a set of sieves according to GOST 2715-75, analytical scales Acculab ALC-210d4. (Results and discussion) Various atomization methods and the properties of metal powders that can be used in additive technologies were analyzed and described. The method of electroerosive dispersion was noted as promising and the powder material obtained with its help was studied. (Conclusions) Additive technologies are becoming more widespread. An urgent task is the search for new ways to obtain metal powders for their producing. The most promising is the method of electroerosive dispersion, which allows obtaining powders with specified properties from mechanical engineering waste. The particles of this powder have a regular rounded shape, high specific surface area and low porosity.
Within the framework of the state import substitution program, the issues of developing and using low-cost, environmentally friendly, highly efficient, simple and universal technologies for producing abrasive materials with the predefined fractional composition are relevant. (Research purpose) The research purpose is investigating the process of producing an abrasive material of a predefined fractional composition for sandblasting of the part before its plasma spraying. (Materials and methods) An experimental installation with fluidization and gas flow stabilization devices used to separate multicomponent material into dimensional fractions was used to obtain coatings. (Results and discussion) The article presents the technological process of separation of quartz sand and an experimental installation for producing abrasive material of specified fractions. Using the described process, which includes equations for the separation of abrasive particles of quartz sand, increases the accuracy of obtaining the material of the necessary granulation for sandblasting the part before plasma spraying. (Conclusions) The ways of solving the problem of separation of multicomponent materials (quartz sand and possible impurities) were described for sandblasting the surfaces of parts before applying plasma spraying technology to specified size fractions, which directly improves the quality of the coating applied during further processing of the surfaces of parts. In the method described in this paper, the deviation of the particle size from the calculated value is no more than 2-3 percent, with other methods for obtaining a material with a given size fraction, the deviation of the particle size from the calculated value reaches 10 percent.
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