The current composite pipes such as E-glass have better properties compared to metallic pipes. However, these pipes are prone to failure during its service life. In contrast, natural fiber such as basalt fiber composite pipes has better mechanical characteristics compared to current composite pipes. Hoop tensile, longitudinal tensile and internal pressure loads were carried out through experimentally and numerically investigation on the basalt/epoxy and E-glass/epoxy pipe performance. The basalt/epoxy and E-glass/epoxy composite pipes have been manufactured with ±55o winding angle using dry filament winding with impregnation of epoxy resin used Vacuum Infusion Process (VIP) technique and investigated. Basalt and E-glass composite pipes with winding angles of ±45o, ±55o, ±65o, ±75o were fabricated in order to assess the optimal winding angle which can resists the subjected loads. There were good agreement between numerical and experimental results have been recorded. For internal pressure test, the basalt pipes have more internal pressure carrying capacity more than E-glass by 2.41%. Through this investigation, can be concluded that the natural based fiber of basalt can be used as a suitable replacement than E-glass, has further advantages of being cheap, abundant, renewable and easily recyclable. The also possess high strength, excellent flexural stiffness to cost ratio and low thermal conductivity
Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of D-6A AISI Medium-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel were investigated under different heat treatment processes. The investigation heat treatment processes centered on as received, normalized, annealed, water quenched, and tempered conditions. The investigation included D-6A AISI Medium-Carbon Low-Alloy Steel microstructure, hardness, malleability coefficient, and cold work ratio of the metal tests. The mechanical properties were putting all selected samples into an electrical furnace, and permitted to be heated up to 850℃. The tempering temperatures are 200℃, 400℃, and 600℃. Specimens undergoing annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering revealed various microstructure and hardness. Regarding to Results, the highest hardness recorded with quenched steel of about 614 HV, while best property in malleability coefficient value recorded with normalized and annealed steel of 15.3 and 30 respectively, and that hardness decreases with increase in tempering temperature. Highest cold work ratio recorded with annealed of about 25, and the cold work ratio increases with the increase of tempering temperature.
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