Perkembangan organ reproduksi dan ketidaksetaraan peran gender dalam masyarakat meningkatkan kerentanan remaja putri untuk mengalami pemaksaan seksual. Pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi yang membahas kesetaraan gender diketahui dapat membantu remaja dalam mengontrol dorongan seksual dan menurunkan kejadian pemaksaan seksual. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah 64 siswi di salah satu Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi berbasis kesetaraan gender disampaikan melalui metode diskusi kelompok kecil (focus group discussion) dengan modul, konsultasi pribadi dengan media elektronik, dan ceramah yang dilaksanakan pada September 2017. Skor pengetahuan, sikap, dan efikasi diri remaja yang diperoleh melalui pre-test dan post-test diuji normalitasnya dengan One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test dan dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam hal pengetahuan, sikap, dan efikasi diri tentang seksual kesehatan reproduksi antara sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi berbasis kesetaraan gender dengan p-value (p) <0,05. Skor pengetahuan, sikap, dan efikasi diri seksual setelah pelaksanaan pendidikan kesehatan lebih besar daripada sebelum pendidikan kesehatan dilaksanakan. Dengan demikian, pelaksanaan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi berbasis kesetaraan gender dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan efikasi diri remaja putri.
Objective: This study aimed to examine self-efficacy to obtain the HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in Indonesia. Furthermore, factors affecting HPV vaccination self-efficacy was investigated. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted 337 among adolescent girls in junior high school (aged 12-15 years). Participants were recruited from four junior high schools in Yogyakarta using consecutive sampling. A self-administered questionnaire requested demographic information, knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and self-efficacy to obtain HPV vaccine. School teachers facilitate the data collection adolescent girls using the listed questionnaires. Data analysis used Pearson correlation, chi-squared tests and logistic regression analysis. Results: As many as 50.1% of the adolescent girls reported high self-efficacy to obtain HPV vaccine and 57.9% reported high knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine. There were significant correlations between self-efficacy and age, vaccination experience, recommendation from health care providers, parental support, social persuasion and anxiety. Parental support contributed to almost 18 times (95% CI:3.837 - 83.648; p<0.0001) while social persuasion was nearly 9 times (95% CI: 3.875-20.011; p<0.0001) more likely to predict the self-efficacy to obtain HPV vaccination. Conclusion: Parental support and social persuasion significantly predict self-efficacy to obtain HPV vaccination. Parental support is the main factor in the decision making of adolescent to obtain HPV vaccination.
Maternal death rate is one of the important health development indicators. Indonesian maternal mortality is still high due to both direct and indirect causes that occur during pregnancy and childbirth. High-risk pregnancy can present complications for both the mother and fetus, and demands early detection. Early detection requires involvement of the community, health cadre, medical officers, and government. There is a need to increase the community health cadre competency in the detection of pregnancy complications, especially high-risk pregnancy knowledge. This study used a quasi-experimental design without control group to determine the effect of training regarding pregnancy complications on community health worker’s knowledge in Wijimulyo, Nanggulan, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta in October 2018. The research subjects were community health cadre workers chosen by purposive random sampling. There were 43 research subjects who were given pretests, training about complications of pregnancy, and posttests. The instrument used was a knowledge questionnaire about complications during pregnancy that consisted of 23 items with reliability of 0.865. There was significant difference between community health cadre’s knowledge about complications of pregnancy at pretest and posttest. These results indicate that training about pregnancy complications increases the knowledge of community health cadre workers concerning complications of pregnancy. Further research is needed to assess community health cadre’s skills in making early detection of pregnancy complications.
The implementation of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program is still experiencing obstacles in several developing countries. This setback is related to the lack of knowledge and the high cost of the vaccine so that it affects people's behavior about the HPV vaccine. HPV vaccination in adolescents itself as primary prevention has not been widely conducted by adolescents in Indonesia. The results of previous studies showed that not many teenagers had vaccinated against HPV by using self-financing guarantees such as health savings. The obstacles faced in implementing HPV vaccination are that the vaccine is still expensive and there is lack of knowledge of parents and adolescents about the importance of HPV immunization. This formative research using qualitative methods was conducted to analyze the implementation plan of the HPV vaccination program. Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews. At the end of each FGD activity or interview, transcription and thematic analysis based on content were done. The FGD participants were ten teachers, while the in-depth interview participants were one school committee. This study found two main themes, namely the scheme of implementing the HPV vaccination program and obstacles to the implementation of HPV vaccination. Schools generally supported the program implementation. However, parents still question the importance of the HPV vaccination for their daughters and consider the vaccine costs expensive. Implementation of the HPV vaccination program must consider the existing program schemes in schools and possible obstacles. The results suggested that for the next HPV vaccination program, the facilitators should provide intense and relevant education to parents about the importance and side effects of HPV immunization, and are expected to build a willingness of parents to vaccinate their daughters and seek vaccination costs, one of which can be through a savings program.
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