OBJECTIVESComplex and diverse factors are related to reproductive health (RH) behavior among adolescents according to the social and cultural context of each countries. This study examined the prevalence of active RH and factors related to active RH behavior among Indonesian adolescents.METHODSA cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,040 of students who were selected through a multi-stage random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was developed, including the World Health Organization Illustrative Questionnaire for Interview-Surveys with Young People, pubertal development scale, and sexual activity scale, modified in accordance to the Indonesian context. The data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics, as well as logistic regression analyses.RESULTSThe prevalence of active RH behavior were more higher in boys (56.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 50.6% to 62.6%) than in girls (43.7%; 95% CI, 37.6% to 49.8%). Negative attitudes towards RH were a factor related to active RH behavior in both boys and girls. Smoking and kind relationship envisioned before marriage (pacaran [courtship] and nikah siri [non-registered marriage]) were factors related to active RH behavior in boys; whereas the absence of access to information on substance abuse was an additional factor in girls. Moreover, an interaction was found between access to information on development and smoking (boys) and attitudes on RH (girls) as independent variables associated with active RH behavior.CONCLUSIONSSex education for adolescents in Indonesia, particularly in the context of a health promotion program, should be developed based on prevalent social, cultural, and religious values to prevent active RH behavior. Such programs should focus on the kind of relationship envisioned before marriage and smoking for boys and access to information on subtance abuse for girls.

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PurposeOccupational health promotion programmes targeting the Indonesian agricultural farmers (AFs) are limited. This action research aimed to involve the AFs in the research and development of community-based occupational health promotion (COHP) programme, which is tailored to meet their perceived needs for preventing health problems related to occupational workplace.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed the qualitative action research approach. The participants (n = 136) were farmers from seven regions in the rural areas of East Java, Indonesia. The COHP was examined from public health centres (PHCs) in seven regions through eight steps, including recognition, analyses, planning, communication, preparation, implementation, evaluation and continuity of programme, for eight weeks. Data were collected through focus group interviews and examined using qualitative content analysis.FindingsThe findings revealed that the participants not only lacked health status but were also required to promote a comprehensive programme for occupational health and safety. The health problems of AFs were identified as the lack of nutrition and high blood pressure, which are related to un-ergonomic condition during work, limited use of personal protective equipment, high stress and workload. The lack of support for AF groups to prevent health problems and to access health services was a key theme for all the participants. Therefore, self-help group as social support was designed to solve the health problems among AFs.Originality/valueThe COHP, through action research, provided a change strategy for AFs to manage and promote occupational health and safety within their practice. The study findings could be used in the development of a framework for PHCs in delivering occupational health and safety practices in the agricultural sectors.

Adolescents are often involved in various risks of sexual behavior that are detrimental to health, social, and economic consequences, therefore parents are the first and foremost educators for children and have an important role in providing children’s character education to avoid premarital sexual behavior. The research sample was 229 students in six high schools in Jember Regency. The study used multistage random sampling technique. Variables in adolescent character education include indicators of teaching, motivating, habituation, modeling and enforcement of rules. Data analysis uses confirmatory factor analyze (CFA) with data estimation parameters using software (analysis of moment structures (AMOS) version 21). P-value of character education for adolescents by family/parents to teaching (0.000), p-value of adolescent character education by family/parents to motivation (0.000), p-value of character education for adolescents by family/parents to study (0,080), the value of character education for adolescents by family/parents to habituation (0.000), the value of adolescent character education by family/parents to enforcement of the rules (0.000). The model fit value in the comparative fit index (CFI) (0.897). Adolescent character education can be formed through teaching, motivating, imitating, habituating and enforcing the rules of parents to teenagers.