A pricing model for eco-innovative products has been developed based on its technological readiness for commercialization in the context of sustainable economic development. It is proved that the pricing model for eco-innovative products can be based on an integral indicator that includes a set of factors influencing the level of its technological readiness – from the point of view of the developer (manufacturer, seller) and market perception (buyer, consumer, etc.). The formalization of such an indicator is carried out on the basis of algorithms of fuzzy set theory. The developed method is tested on a number of types of eco-innovative products developed by Ukrainian business entities. The obtained price integral indicators are determined by a fuzzy number with a certain range, which makes it possible to take into account the features characteristic of a particular market situation due to the level of technological readiness of eco-innovative products. This method allows you to achieve a higher level of price accuracy.
Global changes caused by the IV Industrial revolution and globalization processes resulted in a redistribution of roles of participants in innovative infrastructures of countries. Universities are leading both in terms of generating R&D products and in terms of developing business activities. Now there is a problem of insufficient methodological support of technological universities for pricing R&D products developed and prepared for transfer to the business environment. Existing methods and models do not meet the needs of the market, which is growing rapidly. At the same time, the market is characterized by a high degree of volatility. The purpose of the article is to develop a method for modelling prices for R&D products from universities to the business environment, which takes into account: the specifics of the R&D product, modern market features for this R&D product; the nature of the transfer and commercialization of this R&D product. The article identifies the factors that determine the processes of transfer, commercialization and market launch of R&D products, which affect the pricing of R&D products. Groups of characteristics that characterize systematize these factors: 1) consumer value of R&D product; 2) market susceptibility of R&D product; 3) transfer and commercialization processes of R&D product. Justified a number of factor attributes within the formed groups and assigned them the values of linguistic terms for adjusting the price of R&D product using fuzzy set theory algorithms. The method takes into account elements of cost, revenue and comparative estimation approaches. The method makes it possible to adjust prices for R&D products, taking into account heterogeneous features in the composition of R&D products and compare them with market analogues of R&D products. This contributes to achieving a higher level of pricing accuracy for R&D products when they are transferred from the university to the business environment. The resulting prices are compared with market prices for competitive analogues, which makes it possible to determine the scenario of transfer and commercialization of R&D product; justify the strategy of market development of R&D product; increase the level of manoeuvrability of pricing management for R&D product. The model was tested on a number of R&D products developed at Lviv Polytechnic National University (Ukraine). Application of the proposed method is advisable in the short-and medium-term forecasting period.
The article is devoted to substantiating the impact of innovative activity of business entities on the indicators of sustainable development of Ukraine on the basis of the econometric modeling. It is proposed to consider this impact from the point of view of increasing the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and the resulting factor of innovation implementations – the volume of innovative products sold. Analytical data from statistical reporting forms of Ukrainian enterprises were used by summarizing the data taken in the forms of statistical observation of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The models are developed based on two methodological approaches: a generalizing indicator of efficiency and effectiveness. According to the results of a study conducted by the authors, the most significant impact on the volume of GDP is exerted, in particular: among the performance indicators – the cost of innovation and the number of business entities that have implemented innovations; efficiency – the share of the volume of scientific and scientific and technical works performed in GDP. In contrast to the current models, the proposed ones provide a high level of accuracy in assessing indicators of the macroeconomic state of Ukraine, as a basis for forming an effective state policy of sustainable development. Based on the developed models, the current directions of improving and reforming the innovation ecosystem to increase the scientific potential of Ukraine are identified.
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