The equipment for operational non-destructive testing by the shock-wave method developed by the Institute for Geotechnical Mechanics under the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, was successfully tested in mine conditions and confirmed the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the possibility of using the relaxation time of free oscillations of a metal-polymer anchor to assess the quality of its fastening. At the same time, some drawbacks of the equipment were identified, which can be eliminated by improving both the data processing unit and the sensor part. The areas of improvements, considered in this work, will improve the stability, speed, mobility and ergonomics of the equipment. It is possible to improve the data processing unit by implementing modern 32/64 bit ARM microprocessors with higher computing power and with greater variability of circuitry solutions. It is possible to develop a new circuit based on these microprocessors or to use available mini-solutions based on the ARM core. It will also improve the oscillator-receiver unit, potentially making it completely wireless. For both options, it will be necessary to develop software, which, due to the increased computing power, can be improved with additional algorithms for data processing. The increased speed and a larger number of I/O ports will also allow transferring the functionality of the analog part to the ARM microprocessor, which, in turn, will reduce the board size, and the freed space can be occupied by additional batteries to increase the battery life. The introduction of ARM microprocessors will also allow, thanks to a large number of libraries and circuits for wireless data transmission, the development of anchor vibration sensor with Wi-Fi/Bluetooth data transmission to the processing unit, which, in turn, will increase mobility and ease of use. For maximum ergonomics, it is possible to develop a combined design with an automatic stabilized hammer and oscillation sensor.
Національний фармацевтичний університетДослідження міжнародного досвіду з організації професійної орієнтації та підготовки молоді до працевлаштування Мета: вивчення досвіду організації проведення професійної орієнтації та підготовки молоді до працевлаштування в країнах Європи.Методи. Аналіз нормативних документів, офіційних сайтів державних організацій, наукової літератури.Результати дослідження. На світовому рівні професійна орієнтація та працевлаштування роз-глядаються як складові частини єдиного комплексу з розвитку кар'єри людини для забезпечення ефективної трудової зайнятості населення. У Великій Британії, Франції, Німеччині створені розга-лужені системи державних установ, які підпорядковані міністерствам освіти та праці і забезпечу-ють професійну орієнтацію молоді, опікуються підвищенням кваліфікації та працевлаштуванням працездатного населення протягом усього життя. За результатами вивчення міжнародного досвіду встановлено, що головну роль у наданні первинних знань про різні професії відіграє середня та старша школи за участю центрів професійної орієнтації, різноманітних Інтернет-ресурсів, громад-ських організацій, роботодавців.Висновки. Встановлено, що провідну роль у професійній орієнтації молоді, підвищенні квалі-фікації та працевлаштуванні працездатного населення протягом усього життя відіграють держав-ні організації; доведено доцільність адаптації досвіду проведення профорієнтаційної діяльності в країнах Європи до культурних традицій і економічних умов України.Ключові слова: професійна орієнтація; вибір професії; працевлаштування; розвиток кар'єри; професійний розвиток. A. A. Kotvitska, N. V. Zhyvora, O. M. Kotenko, I. V. Krasovskyi The study of the international experience in organizing professional orientation and training of youth for employment Aim. To study the experience of organizing professional orientation and training of youth for employment in Europe.Methods. The analysis of normative documents, official websites of governmental organizations, scientific literature.Results. Globally, professional orientation and job placement are considered as an integral part of a single complex for the career development of a person to provide the effective employment of the population. In the UK, France, and Germany there is an extensive system of state organizations subordinated to the Ministries of Education and Labor that conduct professional orientation of youth, provide advanced training and employment of the working-age population throughout the life. According to the results of studying the international experience it has been found that the secondary schools and high schools play the main role in providing the primary knowledge about different professions, while professional orientation centers, various Internet resources, nonprofit organizations, as well as employers assist them.Conclusions. It has been found that state organizations play a leading role in professional orientation of young people, training and employment of the working population throughout life; the expedience of adaption of t...
When dealing with various tasks of medicine, in mathematical modelling of processes in the human body, it is necessary to know the physical parameters of biological tissues. In cosmetology and dermatology, these are the physical properties of hair − diameter, density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and optical parameters. Existing methods can solve the problem of measuring these parameters, but as a rule, they take a great deal of time and resources. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop and study fast and cheap optical methods for measuring the diameter of a human hair using computer methods for processing the results of the experiment. Several methods for measuring the diameter of a human hair have been studied. The hair diameter was measured by analysing the pattern of laser scattering and using a microscope with a digital attachment and an eyepiece micrometer. Measurements by diffraction methods are consistent with each other within the limits of errors. Measurements using PAINT program are a little more accurate (the average error is 0.7 μm) than using MATHCAD program (the average error is 1.3 μm). Measurements using MATHCAD program are more complicated. Therefore, of the two remaining methods, the first one is preferable. Measurements using a microscope require more manual work; especially focus adjustment, which, with a large magnification of the lens (20x – 40x), is a time-consuming operation. The measurement error (1 μm) is comparable with the error of diffraction methods. Thus, of the four methods considered, the diffraction method with the processing results using PAINT program, which is included with all versions of Microsoft Windows system, has the greatest advantages, in contrast to the paid MATHCAD program, which has be installed on a computer.
Theoretical substantiation of directions of the cyclization reaction in different solvents by means of quantum-chemical calculations of thermodynamic parameters of three tautomers of the initial N-ethyl-N'-[4-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazol[4,3-a]azepin-3-yl) phenyl]thiourea. Methods. Quantum-chemical calculations of relative energies, interconversion barriers, structural and thermodynamic parameters of tautomers of thiourea in dioxane, ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMFA) and tetrachlormethane were performed on the basis of the density functional theory applying the GAUSSIAN 09W software. The influence of the solvent was taken into account within the framework of the continuum polarized model. Results. In all the solvents under study, the cyclization reaction must proceed in one direction to form the N-ethyl-4-phenyl-N'-[4-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-[1,2,4]triazol[4,3a]azepin-3-yl) phenyl]-1,3-thiazole-2(3H)-imine. The smallest barrier of initial thiourea tautomers interconversion was observed in the presence of dioxane as a solvent; this fact indicated the advantage of synthesis conducting in this solvent precisely in comparison to ethanol, water, tetrachlormethane and DMFA. Conclusions. Dioxane is the most suitable solvent for cyclization.
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