The paper considers the solution of scientific and practical problem of development and research of control system of parameters of environment of artificial ecosystem, creation of structural and basic electric scheme of system, drawing up of algorithm of its work. The study consists of statistical processing of the results of direct repeated measurements of soluble oxygen level, pH, temperature in the aquarium of the artificial ecosystem, analysis of errors and total standard uncertainty of measurement results, construction of a system with fuzzy logic to determine the impact of aquatic parameters on aquarium water quality. The system makes it possible to measure illuminance up to 45,000 lux, air temperature in the range from 12 to 42 0C, water temperature in the range from 15 to 28 0C, pH level from 5 to 9, dissolved oxygen level from 5 to 10 mg / l, has a proximity sensor , has the ability to turn on, if necessary, heating, water aeration, additional light sources. The measurement error on each of the channels does not exceed 2.5%. The need to create a control system arose due to the fact that there is a need to ensure the natural development of plants and fish in an artificial ecosystem that mimics the environment as close as possible to the natural one. In order for the ecosystem to perform its functions, it is necessary to timely control these parameters and respond quickly to the parameters exceeding the critical values. This task can be accomplished only by creating a control system. In order to bring people closer to the wildlife of exotic countries of the world, you can create corners of wildlife at school, enterprise, institution. An artificial ecosystem, which is a clear and versatile example of wildlife, will help students in the formation of a new culture of relationships with nature, the environment, and allow workers to relax morally by observing wildlife. Such a fruitful rest affects the recovery of people. The artificial ecosystem helps to involve children with talent in research work, in designing projects, performing works related to creativity.
The solution to the scientific and practical problem of using dispersion analysis to build a model of factor influence on the result of remote thermal control of biological objects is considered. A model of the effect on the result of measuring the temperature of a biological object of four factors that negatively affect the accuracy of temperature measurement is presented, namely: air temperature, air dustiness, global radiation brightness, air humidity. The scheme of action of the specified factors is considered. In practice, it is not always possible to measure the temperature of a person or an animal by means of non-contact control by choosing a place in advance in which the influence of factors that negatively affect the accuracy of temperature measurement is not manifested during the measurement process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a factor influence model that will take into account the most important factors that negatively affect the measurement result. This can be done using variance analysis. It was concluded that the obtained results enable further improvement of the methods of processing the results of non-contact temperature measurement of biological objects. Prospects for further research of the developed model are presented, namely, that it is possible to obtain an equation for evaluating the reliability of statistical conclusions about the informational significance of temperature control indicators; obtaining analytical ratios that will make it possible to estimate the amount of information for each of the temperature control indicators under the factorial influence on the transformation function of these indicators in order to rank the temperature control indicators according to the decrease in their sensitivity to changes in the temperature control parameter levels.
Nowadays, in production and in everyday life, there is a question of improving the quality and efficiency of grinding systems. These can be both cement and grain factories, as well as coffee shops that use machines for grinding coffee. Effective management of the grinding process is of great importance for increasing the productivity and quality of the final product. Management of the grinding process is a complex task because many factors affect the process. In addition to the factors, the degree of wear of the cutting surfaces, the backlash in mechanical transmissions, which increases the distance between the grinders, and the material from which they are made, must also be taken into account during the analysis. Mathematical models describing the grinding process cannot be completely perfect, because they contain a limited number of factors that affect the process and all of them are defined in different physical quantities. Also, when developing a mathematical model, it is practically impossible to take into account dynamic changes in the object of control, which can be both linear and non-linear. All these features of a complex object of control make it necessary to move to the creation of a situational system with fuzzy logic, which will provide an opportunity to take into account all the features and complexities that arise when creating an «image» of the object of control. For the development of a situational system with fuzzy logic, the method of constructing a fuzzy conclusion of the Mamdani situational type, most suitable for the tasks of metrological support, was chosen. With the help of a graphical user interface, it was possible to build the situational system with fuzzy logic, which made it possible to establish the second level of the information and measurement system, where the technological and metrological «image» of the control object is formed, taking into account the influence of external and internal factors, the necessary technological regimes that will positively affect the uniformity of grinding.
The paper illustrates the solution of the problem of choosing methods of quality control of manufacturing parts and assemblies of power equipment using a fuzzy logic device. The main methods of non-destructive testing for the detection of surface and internal defects are considered, as well as the main indicators of quality of metal products. The types of metal defects and welded joints are inspected. The description of the equipment and means of control for detection of defects is executed. The sequence and methods of quality control by ultrasonic, capillary and magnetic powder methods of control are described in detail. The results of quality control of parts during production and during their operation are obtained. The analysis of the revealed defects is carried out. An example of using an integrated approach to control is given. The obtained results of control of the percentage of coincidence of detection of defects on the product are analyzed. Comprehensive quality control was performed by visual, ultrasonic, capillary and magnetic powder methods of nondestructive testing to determine the percentage of coincidences of defects. By creating a heuristic analyzer based on the interface of the fuzzy logic system Fuzzy Logic Toolbox of the Matlab program, an example of determining a combination of non-destructive testing methods for quality control of a steam turbine bearing liner is considered. Computer simulation according to the Mamdani algorithm is carried out, which consists of fazzification with determination of ranges of change of input values for each example, task of distribution functions for each input parameter; calculation of rules based on the adequacy of the model; defuzzification with the transition from linguistic terms to quantitative assessment and graphical construction of the response surface. The simulation made it possible to determine the optimal combination of nondestructive testing methods, which provides the highest quality of defect detection in the steam turbine bearing liner.
Today, it is impossible to imagine a complex, modern technological process without the use of an information and measurement system. Without such systems, it is impossible to measure the parameters of the technological process in order to make a timely decision on the need to correct the current values by influencing the technology or the processes taking place during production. Control over changes in technological process parameters is an urgent task of modern measuring equipment. A significant aspect is the maintenance of metrological reliability of such systems. The constant development of element base production technologies makes it possible to develop information and measurement systems not only with high accuracy indicators, but also with high metrological reliability. Also, the systems are becoming cheaper and any enterprise can afford them based on its needs. The primary measuring transducers in such control systems bear the greatest burden on the metrological accuracy of measurement results. This distribution of the contribution to the total measurement error on the part of the sensors imposes special requirements on their technical characteristics. The article presents the control system of the technological process of the manufacture of household soap, which is built using a modern element base, which makes it possible to measure the main parameters of the technological process (object) with high accuracy and act on the object thanks to executive devices. The need for this action is determined by comparing the current value of the monitored parameter with the set point (pre-set critical value). This procedure is performed thanks to the program loaded into the microcontroller. The article provides a structural diagram of the information and measurement system, an elemental base on the example of sensors of monitored parameters, an electrical-principle diagram, as well as an analysis of errors by measurement channels. It has been proven that measurement errors on each of the channels do not exceed the set value of 1,0 %.
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