Karawang Regency, known as the National Rice Reserve, is experiencing drought on farmland. The Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Karawang Regency noted that drought in 14 villages spread across three sub-districts in Karawang Regency has developed in 2019, such as Ciampel sub-district. Rice production decreased in 2015-2019 by 19 percent. The purpose of this study is to analyze the drought area of agricultural land using the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) and analyze the relationship between agricultural land drought and rainfall in Ciampel Sub-District, Karawang Regency in 2015 and 2019. The study used Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS in August-September 2015 and 2019. Agricultural land drought using the NDDI method is the ratio between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Normalized Difference Wetness Index (NDWI). The results showed a map of the distribution of agricultural land drought in Ciampel Sub-district, Karawang Regency during 2015 and 2019 with three classes of agricultural land drought (dry, rather dry, normal). The total area of agricultural drought in August 2015 was 11,166 hectares and as of September 2019 was 3,119 hectares. While as of September 2015, it was 3,086 hectares, and in 2019 was 3,158 hectares. The drought that hit Ciampel Sub-District in September 2019 hit almost all areas and dry areas in the middle eastern part of the Ciampel Sub-District. The drought, which is included in the classification of dry that hit irrigated rice field, was 20.19 %. Meanwhile, the rainfed rice field was 32.79%, and in dryland was 24.83%.
Drought is water availability that is far below the water needs for life, agriculture, economic activities, and the environment. The impact of severe drought in Indonesia occurred in 2015 due to the strong El Nino phenomenon and positive IOD. The Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Karawang Regency noted that drought in 14 villages spread across three subdistricts in Karawang Regency expanded in 2019. One of them is the Ciampel subdistrict. The purpose of this research is to analyze the drought of agricultural land based on green vegetation, soil organic content, and soil moisture using Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT) method in Ciampel Subdistrict, Karawang Regency in 2015 and 2019. This research uses Landsat 8 OLI imagery in August 2015, September 2015, July 2019, and September 2019. Agricultural land drought includes three indices, namely the brightness index, wetness index and greenness index. Overlay and scoring three drought parameters to making the map drought of agriculture land with four classes such as normal, moderate, high, and very high drought classes. The results show that the drought occurred in 2015 and 2019, but the dry area is more expansive in 2015 than 2019.
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