Most African river basins lack flow data, a condition which has affected river basin operations. Flood is a common occurrence on the Sokoto basin but poor data base has affected various research efforts and flood mitigation attempts in the basin. This present study will study basin variables using a GIS approach with a few to gaining insights to the flood potentials of Sokoto basin. Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) image covering 5o-7o E and 12 o to 14oN was used in this study. The analysis was carried out using the Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS) and ArcGIS environments. Sinks were removed from the STRM, and the flow direction map was generated as an input for drainage extraction, river ordering and basin catchment extraction. Drainage network overlay was carried out on the generated hill-shade map and on a portion of SPOT image covering the Upper Sokoto catchment for visual analysis. Altogether, 44 basin variables were generated with a view to appraising flood and water resource management in the basin. The results showed that the Upper Sokoto basin is an alluvial catchment; located in a relatively low lying area where high level of deposition is experienced. It is sinuous in nature, circular in shape and compact. These characteristics coupled with the relatively high volume of precipitated water of 14,511,439,620 m³/year are indications that the basin has high flood potential. The paper recommends construction of levees to protect farmlands, efficient reservoir operation and sustainable watershed management for the purpose of environmental management in the Sokoto basin
Abstract. The issue of power generation is the bane of rural development. Power availability will not only raise standard of living but will also enhance people livelihood. This work examines the application of soil and water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in hydrological analysis of upper catchment of Ikere Gorge Basin for hydrokinetic energy estimation. The operation of hydrokinetic turbines depends on river flow and pressure head (∆H). SWATGIS system was used to determine the hydrological parameters of the sub-basins. SWAT is a version of ArcGIS Software. The result of the analysis was used to estimate the theoretical hydrokinetic power potential of the selected basins. The total theoretical hydrokinetic energy potential of the 10 basin selected was estimated as 36.4 MW. Potential hydrokinetic energy was computed using a theoretical procedure, assuming a head of 0.3 meters and a constant weight of water at 9800 n/m³. The hydrokinetic energy potential was highest in Oshe at Onikankan (9.542 MW) and lowest in Kojuoba at Olonje (0 MW). The SWAT software was later used to create Geo-database for each catchment of Hydrologic Response Unit (HURs) of the basin under study. A spatial structured query language (SSQL) was used to perform query analysis on the potential of the sites selected for hydrokinetic energy estimation.
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