Shall-and-tube heat exchangers based on the bundles with in-line or staggered arrangements have been widely used in industry and power engineering. A large number of theoretical and experimental works are devoted to study of hydrodynamic and heat transfer processes in such bundles. In that, works the basic studies of heat and mass transfer for these bundles are found. However, heat exchangers of this type can have big dimensions and mass. One of the ways to improve the weight and dimensions of the shell-and-tube heat exchangers is to use compact arrangement of tube bundles. A new design of heat exchanger is proposed, in which there are no gaps between adjacent tubes that touch each other. Different geometry of these tube bundles with displacement of adjacent tubes in the direction of transverse to the flow is considered. Numerical modelling and experimental investigations of hydrodynamic, heat and mass transfer processes in such tube bundles has been carried out. The distribution of velocities, temperatures, and pressure in inter-tube channels have been obtained.
The values of indoor air temperatures in separate premises of the educational building of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine before and after the works on the thermomodernization of the building were determined. A significant reduction in energy expenditure was achieved through the use of solar panels and solar collectors when changing the energy control algorithm and equipment for implementing this algorithm. The coldest rooms and premises with excess temperature are detected.The causes of uneven distribution of temperatures were analyzed. The possibility of equalizing the distribution of internal air temperatures and reducing the dependence of their values on fluctuations of external air temperatures is shown. With the help of the engineering methodology of calculation, energy efficiency of the so-called intermittent heating mode is demonstrated on the example of an educational room.It is shown that the use of the intermittent heating method can reduce energy consumption for heating. To further reduce energy costs, it is proposed to use a heat pump to compensate for peak loads and work at night at a special rate.
The paper presents research on increasing the activity of milk of lime in beet sugar production using vapor condensation cavitation. The work aimed to develop a rational way of activating milk of lime using the effects of vapor condensation cavitation and its hardware design, substantiating the optimal values of the process parameters. It was established that to increase the activity of milk of lime at a steam potential of 0.18 MPa, an optimal consumption of water vapor using vapor condensation cavitation is required, which is 1 .75 – 2.0% to the weight of the suspension. This is ensured by the action of the combined CaO particles with the bulk of the steam, due to which the Their additional solution is due to the t-plot, which occurs through the boundary layer from the bubbles. As a result, a pre-saturated, water-lime suspension is created, in which the It is the number of dissolved calcium ions. It has been proven that the water vapour-treated suspension is 1.5 times lower It expands and has a volume of sediment of the solid phase in the medium that is 10% larger than that of processed suspension. Such a study is indirect evidence of the increase in the dispersal of these systems after Her husband's work. By increasing the activity of milk of lime, it is possible to increase the effect of cleaning juices at various stages of the technological process and reduce the consumption of limestone for the production of granulated sugar.
For high-quality and simultaneous breeding of different ages of poultry a modular keeping is proposed. The heating system of the module is a panel infrared heater. It is intended for local heating of technological area. Design dimensions of the module were determined for reasons of qualitative course of technological process, namely the stocking density of poultry. Experimental studies of the temperature regime of poultry breeding area were carried out. Body temperature of the poultry was within acceptable limits, up to 41.5ºC. In addition, the surface temperature of the feathers did not exceed 29.1ºC, which fully complies with sanitary and hygienic standards. For a better representation of temperature regime in the module, CFD modeling was performed. Fields of velocities, pressures and temperatures were obtained. The air temperature near poultry in the module reached 18.6ºC, and the average velocity did not exceed 0.75m/s.
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