This study evaluated the antifungal activity of four fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom harvested from three agro-substrates in vitro. At three concentrations (2, 4 and 8 mg/disc), extracts discs of Pleurotus ostreatus (grey), P. ostreatus var. florida, P. cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus and P. salmoneostramineus were tested against three fungal pathogens: Trichoderma harzianum (after 2 days), Verticillium sp. and Pythium sp. (after 5 days) via the Disc Diffusion Method. The highest overall activity was by the extract disc Y2 (P. cornucopiae grown on M2 substrate; 70% wheat straw, Owaid; M.N.; Al-Saeedi, S.S.S.; Al-Assaffii, I.A.A.Antifungal activity of cultivated oyster mushrooms on various agro-wastes. Summa Phytopathologica, v.43, n.1, p.09-13, 2017.20% hardwood sawdust and 10% date palm fibers) and the lowest by Y1 (P. cornucopiae grown on wheat straw). The best inhibition zone was 16 mm toward T. harzianum by extract disc W2 (2 mg/disc) (P. ostreatus var. florida grown on M2 substrate), compared with 23 mm with Nystatin disc (100 U), followed 7 and 5 mm by P3 (P. salmoneostramineus grown on M3 substrate; 50% wheat straw, 30% hardwood sawdust and 20% date palm fibers) extract disc (8 mg/disc) against Pythium sp., and (4 mg/disc) against Verticillium sp., respectively.Keywords: Pleurotus spp., agro-wastes, contaminated fungi, antifungal activity, bioactivity.The oyster mushroom, Pleurotus spp., is edible and belongs to the fungi kingdom, phylum Basidiomycota (32). About seventy species of Pleurotus spp. have been recorded and new species are being discovered. Many oyster mushrooms are primary decomposers of hardwood trees found worldwide (14). Thus, it can be cultivated on a wide variety of substrates containing lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose (26). It must obtain nutrients from such organic sources as dead organisms since they had absorbed nutrients after digesting large molecules into smaller units because of their secreted enzymes (10); thus, it has been grown in Iraq on various agro-wastes in the wild (18), or manually (5, 17) on cardboard (19,20), date palm wastes (21), and tree sawdust (24).Since ancient times, macrofungi have been used as a valuable food source and as traditional medicines around the world. The fungi constitute an important source for some compounds including enzymes and antibiotics (9). Consequently, the antimicrobial activity of various polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms is being reevaluated in relation to their clinical efficacy, given that such compounds would be expected to function to ward off bacterial and fungal infections resistant to current antibiotics (31). Medicinal mushrooms are able to synthesize a great amount of secondary metabolites that present antitumoral, antiviral, anti-inflammatory (8), antibacterial, antifungal (23) and anti-yeast activities (25).Currently, a large range of mushrooms species are grown in liquid media. The obtained mycelia used for various applications, such as obtaining dietary supplements, pharmaceutical applications, convers...
The study executed in field Agriculture Collage -Al-Anbar Universityalternative location in Abu Ghraib through term 30/7 up to 15/10/2015, in order the work of the experiment included activation and propagation mycorrhizal inoculum Glomus mosseae by using two hosts sorghum and sesbania plants, and the results summarized:-Significant superiority in infection rate amount to 36% by using mother inoculum G.mosseae to non-inoculum treatments with excellence infection rate root sesbania plant the highest infection rate a percentage 15.8% comparison with infection rate of sorghum roots. Investigating highest rate in total infected lengths roots, wet weight and dry ,that considered inoculum stimulating and product from treatment inoculum G.mosseae amount to 19, 64 and 60% respectively on the relay comparison non-inoculum treatment with excellence sesbania to result sorghum plant. Excellence the rate number spore mycorrhizal in soil inoculum amount to 22% to non-inoculum treatment, and excellence with sesbania plant rate amount to 82% on sorghum plant.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.