Upaya integrasi usaha tanaman rami melalui pemanfaatan hasil ikutan daun rami menjadi pakan ternak telah dilaporkan oleh Despal (2007). Produksi hijauan rami di daerah beriklim sedang mencapai 100 ton/ha/tahun dengan proporsi dalam bahan kering sebesar 38% hijauan daun dan 62% hijauan batang sedangkan di daerah tropis dapat mencapai 3 kali lipat (Angelini et al., 2000). Selain mengandung semua nutrien utama yang diperlukan oleh ternak (Duarte et al., 1997), setara dengan lucerne dan alfalfa (Ferreira et al., 2007), daun rami dapat digolongkan hijauan sumber protein karena mengandung 21% protein kasar (PK), dan 20% serat kasar (SK) (Duarte et al., 1997) yang dibutuhkan dalam ransum ternak ruminansia terutama

The accuracy of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) depends on the database generated from the conventional wet chemistry (CWC). Currently, the local database of fiber-source feeds for tropical dairy cattle are still limited. The study aimed to compare CWC and NIRS initial database (NIRSID) results, to predict CWC from NIRSID, and to improve the accuracy of NIRS prediction using local database (NIRSLD). Five feeds as sources of fiber (Napier grass, natural grass, corn leaves, corn husk, and rice straw) from 4 areas of dairy cattle farming were used (4 farms from each area). For external calibration, 20 independent Napier grass samples were tested. Samples were analyzed using NIRS and CWC to measure dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and silica (Si) to calculate hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin contents. The results obtained by NIRSID were compared to those obtained by CWC using T-test. Predictions of CWC from the results obtained by NIRSID were attempted using regressions. The NIRSLD was developed by inputting the CWC value to NIRS spectrums. Internal calibration and validation as well as external calibration, were run. The results showed that NIRSID has low capacity in determining CWC (R2<0.683). Calibration using local database (NIRSLD) improved CWC prediction accuracy (residual predictive deviation (RPD) > 2 except for DM, EE, CF, ADL, and lignin). External validation showed that CWC and NIRSLD were similar in all parameters (p<0.05). The ratios of the standard error of prediction (SEP) to the standard error of laboratory (SEL) were > 2 for CP, CF, and ADF. It is concluded that the local database of NIRS of fibersource feeds is necessary to improve the prediction accuracy of local dairy fiber-source feeds values using NIRS.

The research was conducted to study the effect of addition of 7% DM maize hydroponic fodder (MHF) in corn silage on digestibility and milk production of dairy cows. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with two treatments, and four replications. The treatments were dairy cows fed with grass (Pennisetum purpureum), corn silage, and concentrate (R0), and dairy cows fed with grass (P. purpureum), corn silage, concentrate, and MHF (R1). This research used eight dairy cows with initial average milk production of 13.01±2.96 L/d. MHF was produced in a hydroponic system using bioslurry as a fertilizer enriched with mineral fertilizer. Variables observed were chemical composition of bioslurry, nutrient content of ration, daily dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), and Digestible Energy (DE). Data were analyzed with ANOVA, except for milk production using ANCOVA. Supplementation of MHF resulted a higher total dry matter intake on R1 than R0 (P<0.05), 12.99±0.063 kg/head/d, and 11.98±0.295 kg/head/d, respectively. The digestibility of nutrients were not affected by the addition of MHF. Energy consumption in R1 was also higher than R0 (P<0.05), 49.95±0.36 Mkal/kg, and 46.11±0.54 Mkal/kg, respectively. Supplementation of MHF also increased nitrogen consumption, R1 was higher than R0 (P<0.05), 318.3±2.3 g/head/d, and 295.9±3.5 g/head/d, respectively, and could maintain the persistency of milk production at the end of lactation. It can be concluded that supplementation of MHF in corn silage can increase dry matter intake, energy consumption, and nitrogen consumption, also can maintain nutrient digestibility and maintain persistency of milk production during late lactation of dairy cows.Key words: bioslurry, dairy cow, greenhouse fodder, nutrient digestibility ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan 7% maize hydroponic fodder (MHF) sebagai suplemen silase jagung terhadap kecernaan nutrien dan produksi susu sapi perah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan pertama adalah kontrol (R0), yaitu sapi perah yang diberi pakan rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum), silase jagung, dan konsentrat. Perlakuan kedua adalah sapi perah yang diberi pakan rumput gajah (P. purpureum), silase jagung, konsentrat, dan 7% MHF (R1). Sapi yang digunakan sebanyak 8 ekor dengan produksi susu awal 13.01±2.96 l/h. MHF diproduksi pada sistem hidroponik menggunakan bioslurry cair yang diperkaya dengan mineral mix sebagai sumber nutrien. Parameter yang diuji adalah kandungan nutrien bioslurry cair, kandungan nutrien ransum, konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi nutrien, kecernaan nutrien, total digestible nutrient (TDN), kecernaan energi, dan produksi susu. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, kecuali peubah produksi susu menggunakan ANCOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan MHF memiliki total konsumsi bahan kering yang lebih tinggi (P<0,05), yaitu 12,99±0,063 kg/ekor/hari pada R1 dibandingkan dengan R0 ...

Background and Aim: Dairy ration formulations should consider the synchronization of the rumen degradable protein (RDP) to rumen undegradable protein (RUP) ratio (RDPR) with non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) to achieve optimum microbial protein synthesis (MPS), reduce feed costs, and reduce N excretion to the environment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RDPR and NFC synchronization on in vitro digestibility, fermentability, and MPS. Materials and Methods: The experiment used a 3×3 factorial randomized block design with four replications. The first factor was RDPR (RDPR1=50:50; RDPR2=55:45; RDPR3=60:40) and the second factor was NFC levels (NFC1=30%, NFC2=35%, NFC3=40%). The experimental diets were evaluated using a two-stage in vitro method. The examined parameters included rumen pH, NH3 concentration, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, the molar proportion of VFAs, rumen microbes (protozoa and total bacteria population), and MPS. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by the Duncan test. Results: The results show that neither RDPR nor NFC affected rumen pH, NH3, total VFA, and the rumen microbe population. The interaction between RDPR and NFC affected the molar proportion of acetate, iso-butyrate, and n-valerate. The combination of RDPR1 and NFC1 produced a lower molar proportion of acetate (49.73%) than the other treatment combinations (>54%). The acetate to propionate ratio was influenced by the NFC levels, in which NFC2 and NFC3 produced the highest ratio (p<0.05). MPS was affected by RDPR and NFC, but not by their interaction. Treatments NFC2 and RDPR3 produced the highest MPS. NFC affected the dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD and OMD), with treatment NFC3 resulting in the highest DMD and OMD. Conclusion: The combination of a 60:40 RDPR with 35% NFC resulted in the best synchronization of protein and energy available for MPS and digestion activity in the rumen.

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