-The decline of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) populations impacts global agricultural production and affects both food production and the economy. One of the probable causes for this decline is the indiscriminate use of pesticides. Here, we compare the levels of pesticide exposure among honeybees that are used to pollinate melon (Cucumis melo L.) crops, honeybees that forage in the forest, and stingless bees, Melipona subnitida , that forage in the forest. The level of pesticide exposure was determined by measuring residual pesticide levels of 152 compounds in the honey. Honey samples from the present study contained 19 different pesticides, 13 of which were present in honey from bees pollinating melon crops. The levels of some compounds were sufficiently high to promote toxic effects in the bees. Thus, crop pollination presents a toxicological risk to bees that may reduce their life span. environmental contamination / insecticides / acaricides / herbicides / fungicides / nematicides / multiresidue analysis
RESUMO.-[Desenvolvimento de condicionamento aversivo ao sabor de Mascagnia rigida em caprinos.]O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar se os caprinos podem desenvolver aversão ao consumo de Mascagnia rigida, uma planta tóxica encontrada na região semiárida do nordeste brasileiro. Catorze caprinos machos não familiarizados com M. rigida foram separados ao acaso em dois grupos de tratamento: controle (tratados com 5,5mL de água por via oral por meio de uma seringa dosadora) e grupo tratado lítio (tratados com 100mg de LiCl/kg de peso corpóreo por via oral por meio de uma seringa dosadora). The aim of this study was to determine whether goats could be averted from consuming Mascagnia rigida, a toxic plant found in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Fourteen male goats not previously familiarized to M. rigida were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: control (treated with 5.5mL water orally by a drenching gun) and lithium group (treated with 100mg LiCl/kg body weight orally by a drenching gun). For conditioning, goats were allowed to feed on M. rigida leaves for 15 min, followed by LiCl or water administration. The time spent on eating M. rigida leaves was measured. The conditioning was repeated daily until the LiCl-treated goats stopped eating M. rigida. On the 10th, 17th, and 24th day after conditioning, extinction trials of the M. rigida aversion were performed in goats by using single-choice tests. There was no difference between the two treatment groups with respect to the consumption of M. rigida on the first day of aversion conditioning, however, controls ingested increasing amounts of the plant on consecutive conditioning days. On the second day, five out of the seven goats in the lithium group did not eat the leaves, but on the third day, all the goats in the lithium group did not ingest M. rigida. This aversion persisted throughout all evaluated days. This indicates that goats can be easily conditioned by using lithium chloride to avoid eating M. rigida temporarily.
ResumoOs lipomas infiltrativos diferenciam-se dos não infiltrativos por invadirem tecidos adjacentes como tendões, músculos, cápsulas articulares e ossos. Objetivou-se neste estudo relatar o primeiro caso de lipoma em caráter infiltrativo espontâneo em um Cavia porcellus fêmea, com idade aproximada de 8 anos e peso de 950g. Ao exame clínico observou-se uma massa subcutânea que se estendia por sobre as costelas na região toracoabdominal esquerda pesando 185g (correspondente a 19,47% do seu peso corpóreo), coloração branca/amarelada, aspecto gorduroso, macio à palpação e com sinais de aderência. A punção aspirativa por agulha fina evidenciou esfregaços não corados de aspecto úmido com gotículas brilhantes que não se secavam completamente ao ar, compatível com tecido gorduroso. O diagnóstico definitivo para lipoma foi confirmado pelo histopatológico, que revelou adipócitos bem diferenciados de diâmetros irregulares, alguns mal circunscritos e uma área com infiltração de adipócitos entre as fibras muculares, mostrando tratar-se de uma variante infiltrativa que é bastante rara em algumas espécies. Conclui-se que o Cavia porcellus é uma espécie que pode desenvolver lipomas de caráter infiltrativo, devendo-se suspeitar de sua presença sempre que existir massas subcutâneas bem circunscritas e aderidas.Palavras-chave: cobaio, neoplasia, cirurgia, roedor. AbstractInfiltrative lipomas are differentiated of the non infiltrative by invade adjacent tissues such as tendons, muscles, bones and joint capsules. This study aimed to report the first case of spontaneous infiltrative nature lipoma in Cavia porcellus female, approximately 8 years old and weighing 950g. Clinical examination revealed a subcutaneous mass that stretched on the ribs on the left thoracoabdominal region weighing 185g (corresponding to 19.47% of body weight), color white / yellowish, greasy appearance, soft to palpation and signs of adhesion. A fine needle aspiration biopsy smears showed unstained wet-looking with shiny droplets that are not completely dried in air, compatible with fatty tissue. Definitive diagnosis for lipoma was confirmed by histopathological examination, which revealed differentiated adipocytes of irregular diameters some poorly circumscribed and an area with infiltration of adipocytes between fibers muculares. Showing that it is a variant of infiltrative which is quite rare in some species. It is concluded that the Cavia porcellus is a species that can develop infiltrative lipomas, and one should suspecting their presence whenever there well-circumscribed subcutaneous masses adhered.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.