A rapid expansion of the biodiesel industry has created various ecological issues relative to crude glycerol disposal. Xanthan biosynthesis is considered one of the sustainable solutions for minimizing the adverse effects of waste crude glycerol on the environment. The initial phase of xanthan production on crude glycerol entails the screening of producing microorganism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of xanthan production on a crude glycerol-based medium using different Xanthomonas campestris strains. The bioprocesses performed were assessed according to the rheology of the media considered, amounts of xanthan produced and conversion degrees of the most important nutrients present. The pseudoplastic behavior of all the media considered, the amounts of xanthan produced (5.22-7.67 g/L) and the degrees of crude glycerol, total nitrogen and phosphorus conversion (34.44-57.61 %, 23.04-30.35 % and 18.20-22.28 %, respectively) suggest that crude glycerol, after additional bioprocess optimization, can be a suitable raw material for the industrial production of xanthan.
In this study, the influence of cultivation time on xanthan biosynthesis by different Xanthomonas strains, reference strain and crucifers? and pepper leaves? isolates, was examined. Biopolymer was produced by submerged cultivation of fourteen producing strains on medium with glycerol as a sole carbon source. Each experiment was performed at a laboratory level under aerobic conditions at 30?C and 150 rpm for 168 h and 240 h. Bioprocess efficacy was estimated based on the xanthan quantity and its average molecular weight that was selected as quality parameter. According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that all applied strains have a statistically significant effect on xanthan concentration in medium and on its average molecular weight, while cultivation time significantly affect the bioprocess efficacy only when biosynthesis is performed by Xanthomonas strains isolated from crucifers. Further, when only Xanthomonas strains isolated from crucifers are observed, statistically obtained data suggest that the largest amount of the best quality xanthan in applied experimental conditions can be accomplished by the cultivation of CB strain for 240 h. On the other hand, when it comes to Xanthomonas strains isolated from pepper leaves, the highest productivity is shown by PL 2, PL 4 and PL 5 strains regardless of the cultivation time, while the PL 3 strain was responsible for the synthesis of biopolymers with the highest average molecular weight. The results obtained in this study represent valuable information for development of biotechnological process for xanthan production on glycerol containing media using new producing strain.
In this study, the effect of cultivation time on xanthan biosynthesis by different Xanthomonas campestris and Xanthomonas euvesicatoria strains, isolated from crucifers and pepper leaves, respectively, was examined. Xanthan was produced by submerged cultivation on crude glycerol-based medium at a laboratory level under aerobic conditions at 30 °C and 150 rpm for 168 h and 240 h. Bioprocess efficacy was estimated based on the xanthan concentration in media at the end of bioprocess and its average molecular weight. According to the obtained results, Xanthomonas strains have statistically significant effect on xanthan concentration in cultivation media when biosynthesis is performed by X. euvesicatoria strains, and cultivation time has significant effect on this parameter only when bioprocess is performed by X.campestris strains. The combination of Xanthomonas strains and cultivation time has a statistically significant effect on xanthan concentration in medium for both groups of isolates. The obtained results show that all applied Xanthomonas strains and cultivation time as well as their combination have statistically significant effect on average molecular weight of xanthan produced in applied experimental conditions. It is found that X. euvesicatoria strains produce higher amount of xanthan in a shorter period of time (168 h) when compared to the X.campestris strains. Xanthan of higher average molecular weight was produced when cultivation of both groups of isolates was performed for 240 h in applied experimental conditions. Results obtained in this research suggest that X. euvesicatoria strains have the greatest potential for application in biotechnological production of xanthan on crude glycerol-based medium.
In this study the screening of different Xanthomonas strains, isolated from infected crucifers and pepper leaves, for xanthan biosynthesis on semi-synthetic media containing different carbon sources was performed. The success of xanthan biosynthesis was estimated based on xanthan concentration in media and its molecular weight. Glucose and glycerol were investigated as carbon sources in a quantity of 20.0 g/L. Xanthan biosynthesis by different Xanthomonas isolates on two different cultivation media was carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks under aerobic conditions for 168 h. According to the obtained results selection of the carbon source, producing strain and their combination have a statistically significant effect on xanthan quantity and quality. The results obtained in this study indicate that local wild-type Xanthomonas strains isolated from pepper leaves have a great potential for application in biotechnological production of good-quality xanthan on glycerol-based media.
Xanthan is the most important microbial exopolysaccharide used in different branches of food and non-food industry. Due to high consumption of glucose and sucrose, usually utilized carbon sources in many bioprocesses, the most prominent research in xanthan production is related to the isolation of new xanthan producing strains capable to metabolize other carbon sources and to produce xanthan with characteristics appropriate for usage in food industry. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of variation of carbon sources in cultivation media on xanthan production by reference strain Xanthomonas campestris ATCC 13951 and five Xanthomonas strains isolated from infected pepper leaves. Bioprocess efficacy was estimated based on the quantity and quality of biosynthesized xanthan. The obtained results show that both, the selection of the carbon source and selection of producing strain have a statistically significant effect on bioprocess efficacy whereby the influence of carbon sources on the analyzed parameters is more pronounced. It was confirmed that Xanthomonas strains responsible for the production of a large amount of xanthan are not suitable for biosynthesis of good-quality biopolymer. Taking into account all results it can be concluded that the greatest potential in biotechnological xanthan production has strain PFNS PL4 and glucose or starch containing media which is the basis for further research.
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