Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which by only using a few new antibiotics, can kill the bacteria. Tuberculosis treatment has several stages, namely intensive and advanced stages. Compliance with the use of OAT is an imported factor in the success of TB treatment. The use of many drugs can cause side effects that result in patients stopping treatment when it creates the TB treatment process to fail. Improved adherence can do by using a fixed-dose combination OAT. In the intensive phase, the patient will get a fixed-dose combination containing a mixture of four antibiotics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential side effects that occur during fixed-dose combination OAT treatment at an intensive stage and see the level of compliance of patients taking TB drugs. Observational sampling in TB patients was taking OAT at an acute stage by looking at side effects that arise during treatment and then analyzed using statistics and algorithm Naranjo. The results showed the most common potential side effects for fixed-dose combination OAT in the intensive stage were itching, headache and nausea with a percentage of 72% each, joint pain 45%, stomach pain 36.4%, lack of appetite and rashes 27.3% each and reddish color in the urine 18.2%. The results of the analysis using Naranjo logarithm obtained results eight, which means the side effects might cause due to the use of the drug. The results of patient compliance achieved a 100% compliance rate
The development both technology and internet lead to Industry 4.0 that affect various sector, including education and health sector. The emergence of COVID-19 as pandemic since the end of 2019 has increasingly demanding practice of Education 4.0. This was reinforced by the implementation of health protocols such as wearing mask when leaving the house, diligently washing hands with soap with running water, and physical distancing. As a consequence, mass to conduct direct health education is difficult. The purpose of the study is to provide an overview of the effectiveness of online media to educate adolescents during pandemic COVID-19. This study is a literature review search from electronic database, such as Google Scholar, Springer, and Sciencedirect. Certain inclusion criteria were performed including a keyword of health education through online media. There were 10 articles from electronic database that published from 2014 – 2020. This covered both in Indonesian and English language. WhatsaApp, Google Meet, Zoom, or website are used for intervention. The majority of the literature uses questionnaire, online or offline, to assess the increase in knowledge before and after the intervention. The conclusion indicated the effectiveness of online media in health promotion in increasing knowledge, attitudes, and healthy behavior among adolescents. Â
The research was carried out to observe the existence of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella in orange juice sold at setiabudi street, Medan. Descriptive analysis to 10 samples which examined in Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan, Medan showed that 3 of them contaminated by E.coli. The number of E.Coli found in the samples are above the standard issued by DEPKES RI 1991. Contamination by S. aureus and Salmonella were not found. Bacteria Total Plate Count value announced that there were some other species exist in the samples.
Vitamin D as an immunomodulator play an important role in controlling glycemic levels and reducing the risk of diabetes. HbA1c as a substance formed from glucose binding with hemoglobin which has a good relationship with average blood sugar levels of fasting, daily and 3 months. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between vitamin D levels and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research used descriptive methods and the research samples were all patients who suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus in the clinical laboratory of Thamrin Medan. Data were obtained by checking vitamin D and HbA1c levels in patients blood serum. The number of samples in this research were 47 people. The results of this research indicate that there is a very weak relationship between vitamin D levels and HbA1c, with r = 0,225 and R = 5,1%, therefore, it was clearly presented that effect of vitamin D on HbA1c is 5,1%.
Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning is a process of implementing moral values to the student studying at Mamba’ul Ulum Jurit Islamic boarding school, east Lombok. This study aims to determine the implementation of moral values through Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning, including the content and learning strategies used to change the behavior of students and the advantages and disadvantages of Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning. The approach used is qualitative type of case study. Data collection using documentations, interviews and observations. Based on the result of study, it shows that Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin contains moral values related to the values of tolerance, discipline and responsibility. Which in learning use the Bandongan method or wetonan. The implementation of Kitabul Akhlaq Lil Banin learning has an impact on the behavior of students. The implementation of this learning also contains advantages and disadvantages in term of three factors namely teacher,students and infrastructure.
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