The role which historic societies in the early 20 th century played in the preservation of historic environment has not been evaluated enough especially by the researchers emphasizing that of the planning laws and institutions. It was usually treated as 'prehistoric time' of the history of the preservation of historic district. However, at the very beginning of the preservation history, what did they try to 'preserve' in the 'new' world? The author found some of the earliest bulletins of the first architectural preservation society, the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, and make a flash report of the analysis. The journals were given to University of Tokyo by a famous biologist Edward S. Morse. This makes a preparatory report to understand the difference of the backgrounds of the preservation in the U.S. and Japan, which is the author's ultimate goal.
The phases of modernization of local castle town early in the Meiji era �� ��� *
Ichiko ESHITAThis study aims at showing how local smaller castle towns tried to transform their urban space into modernized one early in the Meiji era. In the construction projects of urban facilities which would meet new needs, local people had to carry out all processes by themselves because new-born Meiji Restoration Government did not have enough resources to cover such projects all over Japan. In this stone bridge construction case, local people including the village people outskirts the central city used their social network, technology, financial power inherited from pre-modern society.
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