This investigation has been conducted to assess the suitability of ground waters in west Minia governorate for irrigation purposes. Thirty-three groundwater samples were collected from different sites, along Assiut the West Desert Road. These samples were analyzed for water quality criteria, namely electrical conductivity (EC), soluble cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + and K + ), anions (HCO 3 -, CO 3 2-, Cland SO 4 2-). The chemical parameters that control water quality such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percent (SSP%), residual sodium carbonated (RSC), Kelley's ratio (KR), potential salinity (PS), permeability index (PI), total alkalinity, total hardness, magnesium ratio were also calculated using standard equations. Results revealed that anions contents in the studied ground waters followed the sequence: SO 4 2->Cl -> HCO 3 whereas CO -3 ion was not detected. On the other hand, the cations contents of the water samples followed the sequence: Na + > Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > K + . In addition, the pH values of the studied water samples ranged between 6.9 and 7. 9. The analytical results indicated that 94 % of the groundwater samples can be classified as good for irrigation on bases of EC, SAR, RSC and SSP%. Both SAR and RSC values indicated no liability for sodicity hazard. However, groundwater samples had high salinity levels and low sodicity (C3-S1). Some other parameters, which were generally used for assessing water quality e.g. Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) and Relative Crop Yield Potential (RCYP), were calculated. GIS was used to create a water quality database including spatial distribution map for each parameter. The results obtained herein showed that about 21 % of the groundwater samples belong to No Restriction category (NR) while about 79 % from the total samples belong to the Low Restriction (LR) category. According to the RYPC values calculated for some crops that can be cultivated using the investigated waters, the following sequence is obtained: sugar beet (94) > wheat (74) > corn (33) > bean (13). Thus, it can be concluded that the studied groundwater can successfully be used for irrigation with special salinity control management i.e. leaching requirements and salt tolerant plants.
Soils can naturally reduce mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals as they are retained in soil by sorption, precipitation and complexation reactions. These natural processes can be accelerated by addition of some soil amendments, which converting the soluble forms to more geochemical stable solid phases. Hence, the current study represents a trial towards ameliorating soils polluted with heavy metals resulted from some anthropogenic activity. To achieve this target, in situ an incubation experiment was executed on two soil samples taken from El-Gabal El-Asfar farm (Qalubia Governorate) and El-Saff (Giza Governorate), subjected to heavy metals pollution due to irrigating with sewage effluent and industrial wastes, respectively. The studied two soils were mixed thoroughly in pots of 200 g soil capacity with some soil amendments, i.e., poultry manure, organic compost and bentonite at a rate of 2 %, then the pots were daily wetted wit distilled water to reach a constant moisture content (field capacity) and incubated under room temperature at different periods of 0, 25, 50 and 75 days.Soil samples were taken to identify the effective role of the applied soil amendments throughout the different incubation periods, however, the values of EDTA-extractable Ni, Co and Cd were determined. The most important obtained results could be summarized in the following: 1. EDTA-extractable amounts of Ni, Co and Cd showed a progressively decreased in both amended soils with poultry manure, with a more effective role by increasing time of incubation period. The removed amounts of the studied metals for both investigated soils followed the descending order: Ni > Co > Cd. Also, the removal capacity of poultry manure seemed a highest figure with Ni, lowest with Co and intermediate with Cd. 2. Application of organic compost led to minimize the value of EDTAextractable Ni, Co and Cd in both soils under study. The adsorbed amounts of these metals in El-Gabal El-Asfar soil exceeded obviously the corresponding ones in El-Saff soil. This trend was emphasized by the removal capacity of the compost for Ni, Co and Cd, which was recorded higher values in El-Gabal El-Asfar soil than in El-Saff one. 3. Values of EDTA-extractable Ni, Co and Cd from both the bentonite amended soils also showed progressively decreased with increasing the incubation period. The absolute adsorbed amounts of Ni were the highest, whereas those of Co and Cd were the lowest and intermediate, respectively, in the bentonite amended soils. In general, the removal capacity of bentonite for Ni was higher than Co and Cd over the studied incubation periods. It is noticed that the removal capacity of bentonite for Co was almost similar over all the incubation periods.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) constitutes an efficient and versatile tool to manipulate and produce-fertility maps. Status of some soil fertility indicators are importance for sustainable agricultural development. Some macro and micronutrients, salinity and soil organic matter are studied. Soil fertility variables in the study area were assessed using GIS techniques. WhereasArc View GIS system is used to perform the soil fertility maps. One hundred and sixsurface layers samples representative (0-30 cm) in area of Farafra Oasis areinvestigatedto producesoil maps of elements of fertility status. The obtained results from data and fertility maps could be summarized as follows: -Electrical conductivity Percentages were 17.5, 53.8, 19.9 and 8.8 % represented low, medium, high and very high amounts respectively, electrical conductivity values ranged from 1.3 to 89.4 dSm -1 .-All the studied surface layers are considered low level for organic matter content, Pand Zn.-Total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) were 75 and 25 % represented low and medium classes respectively, and values ranged from 9 to 375µg g -1 .-Levels of K were 60 and40 %, represented low and medium classesrespectively.-Available B content in the studied soil profiles range from 0.5 to 22.5µg g -1 with an average 3.1-µg g -1 .-Available Fe percentages were 3.7, 62.6 and 33.7% represented low, marginal and sufficient values, respectively.-About 100 % of Zn total area represent 3493.2faddan is considered high level. -The critical values of the surface layers reached to 25 % Cu. -The statistical analysis of the simple correlation coefficients between macro-micronutrients and some propertied of soils.
About one million square kilometers is the area of Egypt, which representing 238 million feddans, of which only 4% is cultivated. Reclamation and utilization of the newly soils in Egypt is the only hope for the horizontal expansion of our cultivated land.Space images proved to be a useful tool for reconnaissance inventories for large area of many types of landscapes. Landsat imagery has been widely accepted as a basis for soil surveys at small scales (Mayers, 1975). Siegel and Abrams (1976) concluded that Landsat data were useful for mapping major geomorphic units.The objectives of this study were at identifying the physiographic features of a unique area in Egypt (El Menya Governorate) by mapping them to be a digital model in a harmony of physiographic and soil data set. It is also to find the best adaptation between certain land units with specific crop to give the maximum output. For this purpose, the harmony of descriptive and processing systems, established by Sys (1991) and Sys et al. (1993) were considered, being highly required in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: I. Landsat image-interpretation:Space images interpretation was performed to delineate the different physiographic-soil units in the studied area of El Menya Governorate based on the physiographic analysis as proposed by Burnigh (1960) and Gossen (1967). This approach used to identify soil bodies on the context of dynamic processes, as the deposition types and development modes. This step was helpful for detecting the differences of the micro relief within the almost flat areas.Landsat image composite of Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM7) with bands 2, 3 and 4 was used to add an extra landscape assessment to the soil map. The image was helpful for getting a collective overall view of the study area as well as using the spectral signatures of the used bands in detecting the cultivated areas and drainage conditions. 2) Visual analysis of Thematic Mapper landsat (TM):The studied area lies between latitudes 28 o 22' to 28 o 28' north and longitudes 30 o 26' to 31 o 03' east. Images of Landsat 7 Thematic Mapper (TM) were used for the purpose of visual analysis. The pixel size is a mixture of 28.5 and 30 meters. The composite output was of benefit especially when focusing on the infrared bands that permit the detection and discrimination of broad combinations of different vegetation cover types and identification of water bodies, active drainage, drainage conditions, cultivated areas, and rock types. The Landsat 7 was acquired during the year 2000 (path 175 rows 42, resolution 28.5 to 30 m).
A field experiment was conducted on chickpea plants (Giza 3 var) grown on a sandy soil at Ismailia Agric. Res. Station, Egypt during the winter season of 2005/2006 to study the effect of the separate treatments of phosphorus fertilizer, molybdenum foliar spray and seed inoculation with rhizobium and their combinations on plant growth, root nodulation, seed and straw yields.The obtained data indicate that the combined application was as good as separate treating and both had significantly increases for root nodulation, vegetative growth, pod, seed and straw yields as well as the plant contents of N, P and K over the untreated control. The individual effects of phosphate fertilization, molybdenum foliar application and rhizobium inoculation on vegetative growth and yield of chickpea arranged in ascending order were molybdenum < seed inoculation < phosphorus. However, the highest values of plant dry weight (70 days after planting) and yield of chickpea existed in the inoculated plants which received 45 kg P 2 O 5 + 30 g Mo/fed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.