Friction stir welding (FSW) as a solid state joining process is being known recently by many industries due to its capability to reduce defects, energy efficient, and environment friendly compared with conventional techniques. Specifically, FSW can be used to join highstrength aluminum alloys like 7XXX and 2XXX which are hard to weld by conventional fusion welding. In this review paper, the elementary principles of FSW, parameters, and the effect of the FSW parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties are addressed. Although this process has a lot of advantages compared with fusion techniques, however, many problems still remain unsolved related to poor mechanical properties of weldment's heat affected zone (HAZ). In this regard, the impact of post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on improvement of joint properties is addressed. Finally, appropriate parameters and factors for achieving the best condition of the weld is discussed.
The design of aircraft wings can be examined in two ways, namely, by aerodynamic analysis and by structural analysis. In aerodynamic terms, the wing is expected to display such features as maximum lifting load, minimum drag force, and high stall performance; in structural terms, it is desired to be light, robust, and away from vibration effects. In this paper optimization of the wing aerodynamic analysis of a private jet plane has been performed. Wing simulation was conducted with Ansys-Fluent program, whereas optimization of design criteria was realised using genetic algorithm. Design criteria determined in parametric terms have been optimized with genetic algorithm, which was written in Python, inside the Ansys-Workbench. Python was not sufficient on its own for the realization of the genetic algorithm and for control of the Ansys modules, as a result, it was assisted with Javascript and Journaling. The developed method can be used in a variety of design applications.
Parts in every type of geometric shapes can be produced thanks to today's popular technology 3D printers. The low strength characteristics of the produced parts prevent them from being fully widespread in daily life. There are previous studies regarding the addition of carbon fiber into the phase structure to increase the strength. In this study, as a new idea, reinforcement in the form of continuous steel wire was made into the phase structure. A new extruder design was adopted in order for both the phase structure and the reinforcing wire to create the printing at the same time. Research on the phase material, steel wire material and production pattern were made for the desired strength increase and printing quality. According to the test results, the production with steel wire-reinforced polymer Nylon material provided an approximately 7.76 times higher strength increase compared to the non-reinforced polymer Nylon material.
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