In this study, basalt, which is common around Diyarbakır province (Turkey), is used as concrete aggregate, waste materials as mineral additives and Portland cement as binding material to prepare concrete mixes. This paper aims to determine the proper admixture levels and usability of Diyarbakır basalt in concrete mixtures based on mechanical, physical and chemical tests. Thus, in order to determine the strength and durability performance of concrete mixtures with Diyarbakır basalt as aggregate, 72 sample cubes of 150 mm were prepared in three groups: mineral-free admixture (MFA), 10% of cement amount substituted for silica fume (SFS) and 20% for fly ash (FAS) as waste material. The samples were exposed to water curing and 100 g/L sulphate solution to determine the loss in weight of the concrete cubes and compressive strength was examined at the end of 7, 28 and 360 days of the specimens. Analysis of the microstructure and cracks that influence durability, were also performed to determine effects of sulphate attacks alkali-silica reactions on the specimens using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A loss in weight of the concrete cubes and compressive strength was distinctly evident at the end of 56 and 90 days in both acids.
Öz Malzeme modelleri yapıların sismik analizlerinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Literatürde, betonarme yapılarda kullanılan malzemelerin gerilme-şekil değiştirme ilişkisini tanımlamak için çeşitli malzeme modelleri bulunmaktadır. Beton ve çelik gibi iki farklı yapı malzemesinin bir arada kullanılması ile elde edilen betonarme yapılarda malzeme modelleri ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Hem beton hem de çelik için kullanılan farklı malzeme modellerinin karşılıklı etkileşimi çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı betonarme yapılarda kullanılan farklı malzeme modellerinin birbirleri ile uyumlu olup olmadığını kontrol etmektir. Bu çalışmada dörder farklı beton ve çelik malzeme modeli dikkate alınarak seçilen iki katlı betonarme bir yapı için hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Her bir malzeme modeli için X ve Y doğrultularında taban kesme kuvveti-deplasman eğrileri elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada dikkate alınan malzeme modelleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Farklı malzeme modelleri arasında bir uyum olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu malzeme modellerinin birlikte kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koymuştur.
Mesopotamia, which is one of the strategical regions of the Middle East, has hosted numerous communities and civilizations since the ancient times of human history. This situation made the region considerably prosperous in terms of historical and cultural heritage. Ten-Eyed Bridge, that is one of the most important historical and cultural symbols of Diyarbakir, having lasted till today, became an example of this prosperous heritage. However, various interventions and deteriorations have occurred in the construction within long time due to the impact of human and nature. Because of the considerable temperature difference arising due to continental climate of the region as well as damages like the change of conditions of use, amortizations in bearing constructional components in contact with water have emerged. In this study, with the purpose of ensuring further future existence of Ten-Eyed Bridge, adopted methods for structural and physical deteriorations and protection works were examined.
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