This research identifies teacher constraints in PENDAHULUANSemenjak bergulirnya reformasi, perubahan-perubahan terjadi dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan bangsa Indonesia. Salah satu perubahan yang paling menonjol adalah dengan terwujudnya satu keadaan yang memungkinkan masyarakat untuk mengemukakan pendapatnya secara bebas. Adanya kebebasan dalam mengungkapkan pendapat menjadi satu indikator dari pencapaian iklim yang demokratis dalam sebuah sistem pemerintahan. Reformasi telah mengubah mind set atau pola pikir sebagian besar masyarakat menjadi lebih terbuka dan memiliki keluasan pandangan tentang kondisi diri dan lingkungannya.Perubahan pola pikir masyarakat yang ditunjang dengan adanya ser a n g k a i a n p e r u b a h a n k e b i j a k a n
The article aims to describe view or representation of mental attitude of Santri in Rural Java about phenomenon of radicalism. Radicalism in social context is still a debate, including among Santri and other religious communities. It is very interesting to study because this actual study attempts to map out the views that exist in the concept of human development. The research method used is qualitative with phenomenology design, data source for this research is Santri and social-religious activities where they live every day. The results of this study are (i) radicalism is understood as deviant behavior in the context of nationalism (ii) most Santri reject the radicalism stereotype of Islam, (iii) there are those who understand that radicalism in Indonesia is Western engineering, and (iv) others think that the root of radicalism comes from the wrong religious learning process. The theoretical implication of this research is that the Santri agree that radicalism must be opposed in the context of nationalism, but the knowledge of radicalism must be presented objectively to remove the negative stigma directed to Islam because Islam is a religion that gives peace to the universe.
Based on a preliminary study of learning activities and learning resources used in MAN 1 Surakarta, it is known that teachers are less varied in using innovative learning models in history learning. This study aims to: (1) analyze the pre-conditions of developing learning models in students' history learning activities; (2) analyze the process of developing a little historian model with the material content of the History of the Surakarta Kasunanan Palace; and (3) analyze the feasibility level of the learning model that has been developed. The research method used is Research and Development (RD) with the following stages: a preliminary study of the conditions of historical learning and a study of the development of learning models. This research focuses on developing a little historian model of learning. The results showed that teachers only used worksheets and textbooks in learning. While the learning method used is the method of assignment and discussion. Based on the results of the validation process for the product developed in the form of a learning model packaged in the form of a module in the first stage, it showed a total average percentage of 91.84%. The second stage of the validation process showed an increase of 3.3% to 95.14%. The validation results show that the little historian learning model developed is feasible to use without revision based on the validation results by learning model experts on historical material during the Islamic civilization in Indonesia. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran dan sumber belajar yang digunakan di MAN 1 Surakarta diketahui bahwa guru kurang bervariasi dalam menggunakan model pembelajaran inovatif di dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menganalisis pra kondisi pengembangan model pembelajaran pada kegiatan belajar sejarah siswa; (2) menganalisis proses pengembangan model sejarawan kecil dengan muatan materi Sejarah Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta; dan (3) menganalisis tingkat kelayakan model pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah Research and Development (RD) dengan tahapan berikut: studi pendahuluan tentang kondisi pembelajaran sejarah dan studi pengembangan model pembelajaran. Fokus penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran sejarawan kecil berbasis sejarah lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru hanya menggunakan LKS dan buku paket dalam pembelajaran. Sedangkan metode pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah metode penugasan dan diskusi. Berdasarkan hasil dari proses validasi terhadap produk yang dikembangkan berupa model pembelajaran yang dikemas dalam bentuk modul pada tahap pertama menunjukkan presentase rata-rata total sebesar 91,84%. Proses validasi tahap kedua menunjukkan peningkatan presentase sebesar 3,3% menjadi 95,14%. Berdasarkan hasil validasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran sejarawan kecil yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan tanpa revisi berdasarkan hasil validasi oleh ahli model pembelajaran di kelas X pada materi sejarah zaman kerajaan Islam di Indonesia. Cite this article: Soeharso, R. Sodiq, I. Wardayanti, R. (2022). Utilization Little Historian Model for Local History Learning. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(2), 306-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i2.29962
Purpose: This research is a study that aims to parse the form of citizens' resistance in Kemusu Sub-district who commit the act of refusal toward government policies that do the construction of Kedung Ombo Reservoir. Methodology: Research is done by historical method, namely starting with collecting the data, both written and spoken sources. Utilizing the archives from related institutions, scientific publications, reports and investigations, newspaper clippings, press releases and statements, and the last are observations and interviews. After the data has been obtained, they are analyzed and interpreted by referring to the theory of social movement. The main findings: This study reveals the citizens' resistance in Kemusu Sub-district toward the construction of the Kedung Ombo Reservoir as an effort to preserve the habitat of its life. Therefore, the radicalization of the resistance is done in various ways, from the symbolic to the struggle to the realm of the law. Nevertheless, all forms of resistance are done in peaceful and nonviolent ways. Application of the study: This research can be a reference for the perpetrator of the social movement to do action without any violence, but put forward substantial matters in the demands. For the government, this paper can provide suggestions and input to do the construction of infrastructure in a humanist way and accommodate the rights of its citizens. Originality and Novelty of the study: The new matter in this study is to uncover symbolic actions in the resistance movement of Kemusu citizens that continue straight, even though the construction of the reservoir has been completed. This is what is missed to be recorded in existing research. In addition, most of the research related to citizen refusal toward the construction of the Kedung Ombo Reservoir has always been only seen as a reactive action and missed out in discerning the symbolic and nonviolent matters.
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