Based on the norms and concepts to obtain the best quality water for the population's supply and consumption, this research aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of the water quality of the Health Campus of the University City José da Silveira Netto, at the Federal University. Pará (UFPA) in Belém do Pará. Water quality assessment was performed on a regular basis every third Thursday of each month in order to obtain more accurate results on the water supplying the campus using data from the UFPA Water Treatment Plant (ETA) as a comparison. The parameters evaluated were apparent color, turbidity, electrical conductivity, temperature and pH. A relationship was established between the distance of the sample points and the ETA, and correlated with the temporal variations. All points showed high values for the variables apparent color, turbidity and conductivity and, in general, all points had the same behavior over the months, with similar variations. Moreover, the distances of the sampled points and the WTP do not justify the high concentration of the variables. The importance of an evaluation of the chemical quality parameters of this water is stressed.
The implementation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems depends on technical and socioeconomic assessments. However, most studies do not consider socioeconomic aspects, which could lead to different degrees of RWH implementation and technology selection due to economic constraints and local regulations. We evaluated the socioeconomic potential for RWH as an alternative for water supply of 24 Southern Brazilian municipalities with less than 50,000 inhabitants. A total of 10,080 RWH configurations were assessed and a reliability analysis was carried out to define the RWH system configurations potentially implementable (RWH+) in each municipality. RWH economic benefits were estimated from a social point of view, based on the reduction of the monthly water payment. Overall, RWH+ supplying higher demands with higher economics savings were feasible, as expected. However, several municipalities that showed RWH+ supplying 100% of the domestic water demands obtained lower economic savings, due to low water tariff and water consumption. Still, a set of municipalities presented RWH+ for rainwater demand replacing 50% to 60% of the residential demand, for which the high-water tariffs reflected in higher economics savings. The advantages of using the RWH systems outstand even more when the investments at Federal and Local levels are considered.
Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0).O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
Water is a natural resource indispensable to the life of every human being. However, supply issues may cause lack of water in some localities. Thus, the objective of this paper was to carry out a new proposal for the sizing of the water supply system for the district of Algodoal, in the municipality of Abaetetuba - PA, focused to the distribution network aiming to expand it and improve the quality and quantity of water that reaches the residences. Therefore, it is expected to adequately supply the demand for quality drinking water in the case study. The Hardy-Cross network sizing method was used. At the end of the paper, it was verified that the flows resulting from the iterations in the Hardy-Cross are satisfactory and guarantee the adequate water supply for the population of the district of Algodoal.
Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
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