This introduction offers some conceptual discussion on peace, the contribution of tourism to the pursuit of peace, and the role of tourism education in the light of the peace proposition, before providing a preview of the individual book chapters.
This chapter deals with the newly constructed internal political 'borders' of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), which divide B&H citizens by their ethnic background, thus recreating the unfinished discourse of a national identity. It considers tourism as the discourse under which the importance of the natural borders can be recreated, and as such, a tool for enhancing the process of social reconciliation in this divided country. Research into the development of tourism in B&H shows that initial efforts to develop tourism project partnerships involving people from differing ethnic groups were hampered by suspicion, distrust and a lack of knowledge about 'the Other'. However, there is a perception that tourism is not a threatening activity and some success has been achieved with the help of international agencies.
This paper argues from extensive research findings
in design psychology and industrial design processes, as
well as our own observations, that interactive generative
systems can be powerful tools for human designers. Moreover,
interactive generative systems can fit naturally into human
design thinking and industrial design practice. This discussion
is focused on aesthetic design fields like knitwear and
graphic design, but is largely applicable to major branches
of engineering. Human designers and generative systems
have complementary abilities. Humans are extremely good
at perceptual evaluation of designs, according to criteria
that are extremely hard to program. As a result, they can
provide fitness evaluations for evolutionary generative
systems. They can also tailor the biases that generation
systems use to reach useful solutions quickly. We discuss
an application of these approaches: Kelly's evolutionary
systems for color scheme design. Automatic design systems
can work interactively with human designers by generating
complete designs from partial specifications, that can
then be used as starting points for designing by modification.
We discuss an application of this approach: Eckert's
garment shape design system.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.