We report the highly enantioselective addition of photogenerated α-amino radicals to Michael acceptors. This method features a dual-catalyst protocol that combines transition metal photoredox catalysis with chiral Lewis acid catalysis. The combination of these two powerful modes of catalysis provides an effective, general strategy to generate and control the reactivity of photogenerated reactive intermediates.

Brill profit levels and organic growth in line with expectations, integration V&R according to plan and continuation of eBusiness growth Update on year-to-date performance During the third quarter Brill's eBusiness continued its strong growth, driven by eBooks and digital primary sources. This growth compensated for the ongoing decline in print books. YTD Journal sales declined mainly due to delayed invoicing, which is expected to be recovered in Q4, and continuing IT problems at our UK based distributor. Overall Brill's revenues including the acquisition of Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht and Böhlau Verlag (V&R) are clearly ahead of last year.Cost of goods sold improved slightly as a result of the migration from print to eBooks. Operating costs were in line with expectations. Year to date EBITDA, operating profit and net profit have developed as planned.The integration of V&R runs according to plan. Both the Brill as well as the V&R teams and staff are now part of one global matrix organization. Various integration projects in IT, production, distribution, publishing and sales are underway. Management closely leads and monitors the integration and is pleased with the progress and the results of the acquired V&R business so far.In August, Brill acquired the journal Folia Primatologica from Karger Publishing, an important addition to our Biology portfolio. At the end of Q3 Brill's Book Archive was launched, a digital archive expanding our eBook list with more than 6,000 back list titles in 2021. The first sales are expected in Q4. FY OutlookThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to make market circumstances difficult and unpredictable. In Asia important countries are still in lockdown and (intercontinental) travel is still difficult or impossible, limiting our staff to visit authors, conferences and customers in person. The shortages in the global supply chains are hampering Brill as well, to the extent that this may have a negative impact on the results of the important 4 th quarter and could affect our top-and bottom line negatively.

Toxicity and the utilization of venom are essential features in the ecology of many animal species and have been hypothesized to be important factors contributing to the assembly of communities through competitive interactions. Ants of the genus Monomorium utilize a variety of venom compositions, which have been reported to give them a competitive advantage. Here, we investigate two pairs of Monomorium species, which differ in the structural compositions of their venom and their co-occurrence patterns with the invasive Argentine ant. We looked at the effects of Monomorium venom toxicity, venom utilization, and aggressive physical interactions on Monomorium and Argentine ant survival rates during arena trials. The venom toxicity of the two species co-occurring with the invasive Argentine ants was found to be significantly higher than the toxicity of the two species which do not. There was no correlation between venom toxicity and Monomorium survival; however, three of the four Monomorium species displayed significant variability in their venom usage which was associated with the number of Argentine ant workers encountered during trials. Average Monomorium mortality varied significantly between species, and in Monomorium smithii and Monomorium antipodum, aggressive interactions with Argentine ants had a significant negative effect on their mortality. Our study demonstrates that different factors and strategies can contribute to the ability of a species to withstand the pressure of a dominant invader at high abundance, and venom chemistry appears to be only one of several strategies utilized.

Enantioselective Conjugate Additions of -Amino Radicals via CooperativePhotoredox and Lewis Acid Catalysis. -The first highly enantioselective intermolecular addition of photogenerated -amino radicals to Michael acceptors is reported. This new method features a dual-catalyst protocol that combines transition metal photoredox catalysis with chiral Lewis acid catalysis which provides an effective, general strategy to generate and control the reactivity of photogenerated reactive intermediates. Efficient removal of the pyrazolidinone auxiliary is cleanly achieved upon reaction with ethanethiolate, providing thioester (V) in nearly quantitative yield and without erosion of enantioselectivity. Auxiliary cleavage can also be induced in an intramolecular fashion by a sufficiently nucleophilic moiety in the product. Under similar conditions, secondary aniline (X) undergoes spontaneously intramolecular transacylation after the addition reaction to afford pyrrolidinone (XI) in high yield and excellent enantioselectivity. -(RUIZ ESPELT, L.; MCPHERSON, I. S.; WIENSCH, E. M.; YOON*, T. P.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 (2015) 7, 2452-2455, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja512746q ; Dep. Chem., Univ. Wis., Madison, WI 53706, USA; Eng.) -S. Adam 25-085