'Pliocene-Quaternary volcanic rocks of NW Armenia : magmatism and lithospheric dynamics within an active orogenic plateau. ', Lithos.,[180][181] Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.lithos.2013.05.005 Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Lithos. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A denitive version was subsequently published in Lithos, 180-181, 2013Lithos, 180-181, , 10.1016Lithos, 180-181, /j.lithos.2013 Additional information:
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In this paper we reassess the geochronology and geochemistry of three dredge hauls from the SE corner of the Aves Ridge (Caribbean Sea) originally sampled in 1968 by Duke University's R. V. Eastward. Two hauls consist of light rare earth element-enriched granitoids with a U-Pb zircon emplacement age of 75.9 +/-0.7 Ma. A further haul contains mostly calc-alkaline island arc basaltic andesites of uncertain age. Petrological, trace element and isotopic constraints indicate that the granitoids have an oceanic crustal source and were formed by melting of the lower arc, oceanic or oceanic plateau crust. The mafic rocks formed by partial melting of an incompatible trace element-enriched mantle wedge, which was probably composed of mantle plume material. Both the dredged rocks and data from the Dutch-Venezuelan Antilles indicate a period of west-dipping underthrusting and subduction beneath, or close to, the Caribbean-Colombian Oceanic Plateau between c. 88 and c. 59 Ma, concurrent with collision of part of the plateau with northwestern South America. Constraints from the geochemistry and geochronology of offshore southern Caribbean arc and plateau rocks suggest that in the southern Caribbean there was no pre-existing west-dipping subduction system during formation of the Caribbean-Colombian Oceanic Plateau, whereas long-lived SW-dipping subduction in the northern Greater Antilles is more probable.
a b s t r a c tHundreds of compositionally diverse volcanoes have erupted on the Turkish-Iranian Plateau in the last 15 Myr, attributed to one or more of the processes of Middle Miocene Tethyan slab break-off, localised lithospheric delamination and small-scale convection. Magmatism post-dates the initial Late Eocene or Early Oligocene Arabia-Eurasia collision by >10 Myr. By contrast, in the east of the plateau in Eastern Iran there has been intermittent magmatism from the Late Oligocene to the Quaternary. Magma types include alkali basalt flows and scoria cones and adakite-like intermediate-felsic lavas and domes. New elemental and Nd-Sr-Pb-Hf isotope data from Quaternary mafic alkaline flows near Quchan in the Meshkan area in the NE of the country are combined with existing data from Miocene-Quaternary volcanic centres in the Binalud Range and the Nayband/Neh Fault zones. These mafic, incompatible element-enriched rocks, with positive Nb-Ta anomalies, are OIB-like and are argued to have formed by low-degree melting of a heterogeneous mantle source which contained DMM-and EMII-like components. At least some of the melting took place in the garnet stability field. Significant crustal contamination during magma ascent is recognised in the Nayband/Neh samples. Penecontemporaneous adakite-like rocks are argued to be high-pressure fractionates of basaltic melts which may have a separate source to the OIB-like basalts. Late Cenozoic mantle melting was aided by (1) localised extension and (2) enhanced small-scale asthenospheric convection related to Makran subduction, low mantle viscosity owing to the prior Tethyan subduction history of the region, and possibly edge-driven convection on the margin of the thickened Zagros lithosphere.
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