The priority direction of modern animal husbandry is the creation of smart farms, which are managed through the use of automated systems and IT. However, not all farms use new technologies, so this article analyzes the efficiency of milk production in the conditions of the leading enterprises of the Omsk region, located in different climatic conditions, with traditional technology, and then introduced elements of a smart farm. In the course of the study in the conduct of traditional technology of milk production in large numbers were identified violations of animal identification, there was an increase in the duration of the open period and there were lower rates of purity and grade of milk. The introduction of elements of a smart farm at the same enterprises allowed to avoid errors in the identification of animals, to improve the analyzed indicators and to increase milk production.

This paper presents the results of field studies carried out on existing pressure systems with pumping stations. The considered field experiments were carried out on a closed irrigation system, which includes a pumping station with a water intake, a closed irrigation pipeline network and sprinklers. On this system, field studies of transient processes were carried out with the simultaneous shutdown of all pumping units simulating emergency power outages of the motors, and with shutdown of one of the units simulating the automatic operation of the station. The presented results make it possible to carry out practical calculations of transient processes for pumping stations with different water supplies, heads, capacities, diameters and lengths of pressure pipelines and shockproof devices.

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Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики, Аннотация Предмет исследования. Исследованы характеристики полимерных композитов на основе промышленно выпускаемого поливинилхлорида и биополимерного наполнителя -пектина в различных массовых соотношениях (1, 5 и 10 масс.%) с плазмохимической обработкой для применения в качестве деградируемого материала упаковки. Метод. Наполненные композитные пленки получены методом вальцевания при температуре 165-170 ºС с предварительным смешением всех компонентов композиции на лопастной мешалке со скоростью перемешивания 6000 об/мин в течении 4 минут. Образцы поливинилхлоридных пленок обработаны низкотемпературным плазмохимическим травлением в течение 5 и 10 мин в среде аргон:кислород. Пленки изучены методами инфракрасной Фурье-спектроскопии и оптической микроскопии в зависимости от содержания наполнителя и времени травления. Основные результаты. Экспериментально показано, что низкотемпературная плазмохимическая обработка приводит к деградации материала на основе поливинилхлорида и пектина. Максимальные структурные изменения наблюдаются для композиции с содержанием пектина 1 масс.%, что может быть объяснено в рамках теории малых добавок. Практическая значимость. Полученные полимерные композиты могут найти применение в качестве материала для упаковки, деградирующей при утилизации и обладающей меньшим сроком жизни изделия. Плазмохимическая обработка может представлять интерес в качестве метода обработки промышленно выпускаемых синтетических полимерных материалов перед их утилизацией. Ключевые слова ПВХ, полимерная пленка, пектин, биодеградация, плазмохимическая обработка 30.07.17, accepted 31.08.17 doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2017-17-5-834-840 Article in Russian For citation: Volkova K.V., Trotsenko I.V., Uspenskaya M.V., Balya V.K., Sivtsov E.V., Belukhichev E.V. Study of plasmochemical processing effect on the properties of polymer films based on polyvinylchloride. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2017, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 834-840 (in Russian). doi: 10.17586/2226-1494 Abstract Subject of Research. The paper deals with characteristics study of polymer composites based on commercially available polyvinyl chloride and biopolymer filler pectin in various weight ratios (1.5 and 10 mass%) for the usage as biodegradable packaging. Method. Biopolymer composite films were obtained by rolling at the temperature of 165-170 ℃ and pre-mixing of all composition components with a paddle stirrer at a stirring speed of 6000 rpm for four minutes. The introduction of natural materials into the polymer matrix facilitates the decomposition of plastics during disposal, and the processing of STUDY OF PLASMOCHEMICAL PROCESSING EFFECT ON THE PROPERTIES OF POLYMER FILMS

This article shows the results of chicken eggs incubation by IUP-F-45 and BioStreamer 165HD. There were two different types of machines during two-lots of eggs incubation. The BioStreamer 165HD is equipped with such feature as flexible incubation environment tuning according to its technology of embryo feedback. The sensors control the temperature inside machine by using the temperature of egg shells. Also there are sensors which can monitor the humidity level by controlling and predicting the humidity loss of each egg lot and using the narrow-hatching window technology. The incubators are managed by controller and connected to one computer network. The eggs are set to cellular structure incubation tray. The pulsators are equipped with five wide blades to ensure the required air flow rate. In addition, the roof vents have been improved. The power of the heating elements has been increased, which provides a quick heating time for all eggs at the beginning of the incubation cycle. The larger diameter of the cooling coil creates a wider overall cooling surface. As a result of the research, it was found that the use of the BioStreamer incubator made it possible to increase the hatchability of eggs, to carry out the simultaneous hatching of young brood, reducing the hatching by 5.5 hours, to increase the yield of conditioned young chickens by 0.9% and its quality, to obtain a greater amount of meat products from broilers: the average weight of chickens increased by 2.7 per cent, the safety of brood - by 3.6 per cent.

Currently, three types of lamps are used to illuminate livestock premises, which diff er in the principle of operation: incandescent lamps, fl uorescent and LED. For more than fi fty years, fl uorescent lamps have been produced, which have much better light and energy characteristics, but such shortcomings as a complex switching scheme, noise, fl icker limit the use of these lamps in production facilities. An integral part of the microclimate of rabbit-breeding premises is the illumination, the corresponding values of the parameters of which can be achieved using various sources of artificial lighting. A comparative analysis of experimental data on the use of incandescent lamps and compact fl uorescent lamps for lighting livestock buildings has been carried out. Comparison of lighting costs confirms the cost-eff ectiveness of compact fl uorescent lamps. The total cost of lighting is reduced by almost 2 times, but the cost of lighting compact fl uorescent lamps is about 50 % of annual costs. While with incandescent lamps the maintenance costs do not exceed 6 %. The use of compact fl uorescent lamps for lighting livestock premises is an effective measure for energy saving. Compact fl uorescent lamps can reduce power consumption by about three times, but not fi ve times, as manufacturers say. The widespread implementation of compact fl uorescent lamps is constrained by the unreasonably high price–quality ratio of these products. This leads to the need for large fi nancial costs for the purchase of compact fl uorescent lamps and increase their payback period.

The grain of agricultural crops during the machine process undergoes loads exceeding the permissible ones, as a result of which, under the influence of the mechanisms’ units, the grain material becomes damaged. The paper is devoted to search of the solution for the problem of reducing the grain mechanical damages which appears when the seeds pass through the machining. Using buckwheat as an example, the author considers the application of methods of the theory of elasticity in order to assess the magnitudes of stresses arising in caryopses under their force loading. In this regard, it is recommended to represent the grain model of this crop in the form of a cylindrical trihedron. The text of the work contains the experimentally proven correspondence of the volume of the proposed model to the real one, depending on the humidity conditions, the value of the elastic modulus is determined. The considered method for assessing the magnitudes of stresses at a known value of the compressive force and the shape of the seed makes it possible to take into account the design parameters when designing agricultural machines.

This article is devoted to the issues of the efficiency increasing for buckwheat seed production by reducing mechanical damage during mechanized processing. It is indicated that one of the possible ways to reduce grain damage by machines’ details on a mechanized line is to assess the degree of damage adequately. Due to the fact that the samples analysis for mechanical damages taken from a grain batch that has passed according to any technological processing scheme is a labor-intensive and time-consuming procedure, the reliability of the results of which is largely dependent on the human factor, it is proposed to increase accuracy measurements on the basis of reliable experimental data, reveal the patterns of injury depending on the state of the grain material and its physical and mechanical properties, and in accordance with this, in the future, predict the quantitative increase in mechanical damage in general and by the types of injuries inflicted on the grain by a particular machine by using mathematical relationships. There are the theoretical dependence for the mechanical damages indicators on the number of passes through the machine and experimental dependence on humidity in this article established by using Markov chains. It was revealed that with mechanized processing there is a process of successive transition from less dangerous injuries to more dangerous injuries. The indicators of mechanical damage prediction will permit to compare the efficiency of individual machines of the production line in terms of their damaging ability and purposely design the technological process with minimal damage of the grain material.