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Gas Turbines -Materials, Modeling and Performance 56 the hot corrosion resistance. This is further complicated for marine applications by the aggressivity of the environment, which includes sulphur and sodium from the fuel and various halides contained in seawater. These features are known to drastically reduce the superalloy component life and reliability by consuming the material at an unpredictably rapid rate, thereby reducing the load-carrying capacity and potentially leading to catastrophic failure of components [3][4][5]. Thus, the hot corrosion resistance of superalloys is as important as its high temperature strength in gas turbine engine applications. Recent studies have shown that the high temperature strength materials are most susceptible to hot corrosion and the surface engineering plays a key role in effectively combating the hot corrosion problem [6][7]. Therefore, the two materials (base and coating) must be considered as an integral system and the interface between them is also equally important as it can often be the limiting factor. This chapter explains the critical issue of hot corrosion of superalloy components in gas turbine engines and methodologies to select appropriate materials and coatings for its prevention. It is followed by an assessment of current status of coatings, coating techniques and finally, some of the critical areas that need to be addressed for development of more efficient and smart coatings.