Determining the deformations of a building is a very important process in the construction and operation of a construction site. The main causes of deformation of structures and their foundations are sedimentation of foundation structures, weak load-bearing soil, crushed sand layers, wear and degradation of building foundations, uneven or excessive loading of foundations, poor condition of pile foundations, regular ambient vibrations, support of ambient temperature, various loads caused by wind, snow and other conditions, uncompact soil. The quality of building materials, binders, and aggregates can also be mentioned as the causes of the deformations of buildings and foundations. The paper analyzes the available information and regulatory enactments related to the monitoring of building deformations, evaluates the provision of building deformation in Latvia, describes the types of building deformations and their causes, building deformation monitoring technologies, as well as building monitoring methods, and summarizes the results. The aim of the study is to investigate and evaluate the deformation monitoring system of buildings. The results of the research reflect the procedures and technologies of deformation monitoring of buildings, the possibilities of using high-precision deformation sensors, substantiating the need to create an automated height, load, and other deformation-causing properties, and measurement control system. The work provides a specific assessment of the building deformation monitoring object in Strēlnieku Street in Riga.
The paper describes the possibilities and results of the application of aerial photography and photogrammetry technologies in the Latvian state border maintenance processes (Ratkevics et al, 2017a) and the practice of using GIS technologies (McHaffie et al, 2018) in these works, to observe the obligations of international agreements. The monitoring of the state border of Latvia resulted in considerable practical and theoretical experience. Photogrammetric technologies, together with GIS capabilities, offer significant reductions in monitoring of the state border costs and time surveying control works (Ratkevics et al, 2017b). In Research are used advantage, which practiced in Latvia, if aerial photography is regularly organized. Describe possibilities of technologies of aerial photography-photogrammetric works for inspection and research works of terrain situation in the world are widely applied and developed already since the beginning of the previous century. These technologies at present in many cases (but not always) can replace also the classical geodetic and topographic surveying works, specially, when they shall be performed for considerable areas, this can be applied also to territories of state borders. As the tasks of monitoring of the state border of Latvia are prepared, photogrammetry specialists can from the existing photographs obtain information on technical condition of the borderline, border zone and elements of border fastening. By use of GIS technologies, the effectivity of these activities obtains additional possibilities for correct spatial documenting, measuring, mapping and also modelling of all above mentioned activities and allows performance of this all in short deadlines.
After improvement of geodetic networks in the territory of Latvia, situation is arisen that heights of geodetic points have changed. Therefore authors study in the research, what regularities form between the Baltic normal height system of year 1977 (BHS-77) and Latvian Normal Height System LHS-2000,5 height systems in the given points, as well as what inaccuracies can be observed, if ADTI map sheets are transformed by use of the determined methodology of recalculation of heights. Aim of the work is to research and analyse measurement data available in reports of improvement of local geodetic network of Ventspils, Jelgava, and Kuldоga and to compare values of heights of geodetic points with historical values of heights, as well as to give valuation about alignment of height systems. For the achievement of the aim following tasks are set: to analyse measurements available in the reports of local geodetic networks; to evaluate height differences between points in BHS-77 and LHS-2000,5 height systems; to give proposals in relation to compatibility of BHS-77 un LHS-2000,5 height systems. After valuation of data, we can draw conclusion that mutual compatibility of quasigeoid models LV'98 and LV'14 in all areas of measurement is regarded as appropriate. The historical heights of points of the local geodetic networks in comparison to improved levelled heights of BAS-77 are regarded as rather appropriate in local geodetic networks of Jelgava and Kuldоga; however, in local geodetic network of Ventspils, they are regarded as inappropriate.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.