A year has passed since humanity first encountered a previously unknown disease — COVID-19, which changed and made adjustments to the established mechanisms of human life. These changes also apply to the field of education, including medical education. Due to the quarantine imposed in Ukraine to prevent the spread of COVID-19, educational institutions were closed and students were transferred to distance learning. Organize quality online learning in a short period of time, charge motivation to learn and be prepared for technological problems — this is not a complete list of problems faced by teachers. However, the present can be called the era of computer science, telecommunications and global digitalization. The rapid rise of the integration of information and communication technologies, online tools in society in recent decades has become a preparation for solving problems and problems. Distance learning has advantages and disadvantages. In addition, there are several organizational and methodological and organizational and technical models of distance learning. Practical classes on pediatric therapeutic dentistry are held in the format of an online conference in the Microsoft Teams program (Pre-created Classes for each subgroup and events in the program — in the calendar according to the schedule, students are invited). Microsoft Teams is a teamroom for Office 365, which is a simplified version of learning management systems, but allows the learning team to communicate and share files. The program is convenient because it combines everything in a common work environment, which includes chat for discussion, file sharing and corporate programs. Students take each test topic in the system according to the calendar-thematic plan, get the result, which the teacher converts into points, according to the evaluation criteria. During the online lesson, the teacher interviews the topic, corrects the answer, explains the points that were unclear, using pre-loaded materials — presentations, videos, photos, radiographs and orthopantomograms, which helps to master the material. For future dentists, practical training, work with real patients, practice of manual and communication skills are extremely important, so during the remote teaching of pediatric therapeutic dentistry, situational problems are solved and algorithms of practical skills are analyzed in order to bring students closer to practice. Distance learning is a purposeful process of interaction between teacher and student, based on the use of modern information and telecommunications technologies that allow distance learning, which is relevant in a pandemic COVID-19. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: distance learning, medical education, teacher, student, COVID-19 pandemic.
The concept of higher medical education is an integrated approach to the formation of a harmoniously and comprehensively developed personality of a specialist. The training of modern specialists should be at such a level that tomorrow they will confidently and on equal terms compete professionally not only in Ukraine but also abroad, be able to creatively and quickly solve non-standard production, scientific, educational tasks with the best possible result. Today, independent work of students is an obligatory part of the educational process, the importance of which is constantly growing in the conditions of the credit-modular system of education and is considered as one of the active forms and methods of teaching. During the educational process in higher medical institutions, various types of independent work of students are used, such as individual preparation for practical, seminar classes and final module controls, preparation for the defense of case histories, participation in the work of the student scientific circle, speeches and participation in scientific and practical conferences, forums, master classes, practically oriented competitions, etc. Information about the content, amount of time allocated, evaluation of students’ independent work is given in the curriculum and syllabus of the discipline and aims to expand and deepen knowledge and skills in this course, help to form clinical thinking, creative imagination and modeling of doctor’s tactics in a specific clinical situation, improve the assimilation of interdisciplinary integration of knowledge and skills, teaches to work with literary sources - to analyze, generalize, compare, thereby activating the creative component. Purpose - to analyze the forms of organization and to determine ways to improve the independent work of students as a component in the system of the educational process during the study at a medical university. Results and conclusions. Therefore, independent work of students is a mandatory, important form of the educational process, which allows to significantly increase the effectiveness of the training of a future specialist, helps to form the student’s skills of clinical thinking, independence and creative imagination. It provides an opportunity for the student to acquire new knowledge at the same time, to master the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization of information and to practically improve them. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
The digital technologies in all spheres of life, including education are now a hallmark of our modern identity; they shape how we live today. They enable applying new opportunities, for instance, distance learning, which is quite relevant today. Ivano Frankivsk National Medical University has the site "Office 365 Cloud Services", which is accessible to all teachers and students and thus creates a single digital environment. Practical classes and lectures on pediatric therapeutic dentistry during quarantine are conducted in an online conference format in Microsoft Teams, a teamwork centre in Office 365, which is a simplified version of learning management systems; it enables communicating, file sharing, etc. between the group members. The program is convenient because it combines everything in a common work environment, including chat for discussion, file sharing and corporate programs. Students pass on each topic of the test tasks in the system, which were posted on pmk.ifnmu.edu.ua or tests.if.ua. The teacher converts the test result into scores according to the evaluation criteria. Delivering theoretical themes and checking their comprehension is organized by means of video communication. During the online lesson, the teacher interviews the topic, corrects the answer, and explains the points that might be discussible or unclear, using pre-loaded visuals or other materials, e.g. presentations, videos, photos, radiographs and orthopantomograms. For future dentists it is extremely important to master practical skills, work with real patients, practice manual and communication skills. Digital technologies help during distance learning at least partially to master the practical aspect of the discipline by creating multimedia presentations, which consists of tasks, three to four questions for each task, a clinical case, if possible video. The use of digital technologies, especially during distance education can and should take its place in the education system, because with its proper organization it can provide quality education that meets the requirements of modern society.
Diseases of periodontal tissues rank second among dental pathologies after caries and constitute an important medical problem. According to the modern concept, periodontal tissue diseases arise under the influence of many causes, both local and general in nature. The harmful habit of smoking is a manageable risk factor that causes diseases specific to smokers, and also contributes to the occurrence, deepening and progression of dental diseases, such as periodontal tissues. Therefore, the issue of developing effective schemes of a complex of therapeutic and preventive measures for teenagers and young adults who smoke is urgent. The aim of the study is to study the long-term results of the clinical effectiveness of the proposed complex treatment of periodontal tissue diseases in teenagers and young adults who smoke. Materials and methods of the study. To achieve the goal, changes in periodontal tissues were studied immediately after treatment and in the long term in 114 teenagers and young adults aged 15 to 24, who were divided into groups: 26 people who regularly smoke traditional cigarettes were included in the first group; group II - 22 people, who smoke Vapes; in the III group - 23 people who regularly smoke devices for heating tobacco (IQOSs); in the IV group - 43 people, without the harmful habit of smoking.The dynamics of the OHI-S, PMA and PBI indexes before, after and in the long term of treatment with the proposed complex were analyzed: in general - "Quertin", "Supervit" and "BioGaya ProDentis"; locally - "Stomolik" and "Holisal" in comparison with the generally accepted treatment protocol for this disease. Results of the study. In the course of treatment, a positive trend of the studied indices was recorded in all observation groups, however, better results were recorded in the groups where the proposed local treatment was applied, which was confirmed by objective examination data. Analyzing the results obtained in the long term of treatment, it was established that the results achieved immediately after treatment slightly worsened after six months of follow-up. Moreover, worse results were registered in patients of subgroups who received generally accepted treatment, compared with patients who received the proposed complex treatment. These results indicate the high effectiveness of the proposed complex treatment, but the need to repeat the treatment and preventive actions more often after six months. Conclusions. Comparison of the results of treatment of periodontal tissue diseases in the observation groups in the remote periods of treatment by various methods indicates the advantages of the proposed complex treatment and allows us to conclude about its high clinical effectiveness. Key words: teenagers and young adults, diseases of periodontal tissues, treatment, smoking.
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