The growing volumes of production of mechanical engineering products made of fibrous polymer composite materials can be explained with the possibility of producing products of relatively small mass with specified physical and mechanical, thermophysical, dielectric and many other properties, which allows them to be highly competitive in comparison with products made of metals and their alloys. The results of a review of the main defects that arise during the machining of machine parts made of fibrous polymer composite materials, as well as ways to prevent their occurrence and improve the quality of the treated surfaces are presented and discussed. Based on the analysis of the information presented, it was concluded that increasing the efficiency of mechanical treatment of machine parts made of fibrous polymer composite materials and ensuring the durability of such parts was possible due to an integrated approach to the development of a technological process of mechanical treatment, taking into account individual characteristics of various types of fibrous polymer composite materials.
The results of tests using the three-point bending method to assess the change in the strength of carbon fiber reinforced plastics produced by the milling method using various cutting conditions are presented. The tests were carried out on samples of three series, each of which was made in two sets. The series of samples differ in the applied cutting conditions (frequency of rotation of a cutter at the same feed), and sets differ in the conditions of exposure before testing: at a positive temperature 20±2 °С and at a negative one –50 °C for 60 hours. It has been established that the cutter rotation frequency has practically no effect on the change in bending strength, however, it significantly affects the value of the maximum deflection and the finish of the cut surface. Reducing the speed of the cutter leads to an increase in temperature in the cutting zone, an improvement in the quality of the cut surface and an increase in maximum deflection. The influence of negative temperature leads to an increase in the maximum deflection and a decrease in the bending strength of carbon fiber reinforced plastics
The analysis of the prospects for the use of basalt plastics in various industries has been carried out. The types of cutting tools used for machining PCM based on basalt fiber were studied. The results of mechanical processing of samples of basalt plastics by an end mill made of high-speed steel R6AM5, using a machine with numerical control in various modes (with varying tool speed and cutting speed) without and with the use of a lubricating coolant (coolant) are presented. The results of assessing the quality of cut surfaces based on their microanalysis performed using an optical microscope are presented. The optimal modes of cutting basalt plastic up to 3 mm thick with a high-speed steel end mill were determined. The analysis results of the absorption of cutting fluid by basalt plastic after mechanical processing are given. It was established that the best quality of the cut surface was achieved with the use of a coolant and reduced processing modes or without the use of a coolant and increased processing modes.
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