This study aims to reveal the sustainability of Balinese traditional residential architectural practices which are based on the provisions of traditional ethnic Balinese social stratification and refers to the capital ownership in Generative Structural Theory from Pierre Bourdieu (economic, cultural, social and symbolic). At present, there are dynamics ownership and capital conversion in the traditional social strata which affect the sustainability of traditional residential architecture practices. The traditional Balinese residential architecture in this study is understood to be the spatial layout and traditional residential buildings of the Middle Bali era. Its sustainability today is seen from the concept of capital in the perspective of Bourdieu’s theory. The basic assumption of Bourdieu’s theory is basically that humans are in the field of social struggle to emerge victorious by competing with one another. This study is a qualitative research with interpretative descriptive method. Primary data were obtained from selected informants (purposive) and from field observations, as well as secondary data from the literature. The study findings show that traditional residential architecture practices in the Middle Bali era were strongly influenced by capital ownership (economic, cultural, social, and symbolic) with various forms of conversion to traditional Balinese aristocratic (triwangsa). Development at this time has opened the opportunity to control various capital for ordinary community (jabawangsa), so that the realm of Balinese traditional housing becomes a medium of struggle as well as a symbol of success in social struggle. On the other hand, the contestation of Balinese traditional residential architectural practices is a sustainability in the arena of social struggle within Balinese society today.
Griya, Puri, and Jero are terms specifically used to name the dwellings of Balinese aristocrats, namely brahmana, ksatrya, and wesia. These three groups of people are the highest group of citizens in the social structure of traditional Balinese society, also called tri wangsa. This study aims to uncover the identity struggle with the use of the names of the residential groups of citizens of the tri wangsa or the Balinese aristocracy into the names of today's housing developed by developers in Bali. This qualitative study with an interpretive descriptive approach uses Bourdieu's structural generative theory and Foucault's knowledge-power relations in the analysis of primary data obtained from the field, and interviews with informants determined by purposive sampling and secondary data based. Data collection was carried out through literature study and interviews. The study's findings show that in Foucault's view, the use of the names of the traditional Balinese aristocrats' dwellings is a new articulation that has articulated an earlier truth claim that has been established for about six centuries. It is also inseparable from the struggle for economic capital, cultural capital, social capital, and especially symbolic capital. The struggle of various capital in Bourdieu's perspective with its various forms of conversion also becomes a struggle for identity in the field of social struggle through the realm of residential society in Bali today.
At this time, a health retreat for urbanities is needed. Health retreat is a facilities of resigning from the hectic daily activities of urban people and to keep them away from the noise of the urban environment, so the complaints that are urban people feel such as sress, tiredness, and poor diet will get the solution when they participating in health retreat acrivities. Urban people is people who livw in urban area with various kind of activities, such as office employees, students, entepreneurs. Many urban people complaint about their lifestyle that less haelthy, because of their hectic activities, until many urban people are stressed. Several stress trigger factor in urban people inclued the noise environment factor, and then traffic jams, pollution, food with less nutrition, and lack of consciouness of the importance activities. The location of this research is in Ubud. The research methods is use method of collecting data with observation, interviews and documentation. The data sources consists of journals and books. The data analysis phase is conducted using qualitative and quantitative methodes, presentation, and accumulation of conclusions. The result of analysis are then carried out a proses of synthesis prosess so as to produce design criteria that must be completed in the transformation process. Research on the design of the health retreat facilities, it aims to know the need for health retreat facilities for urban communities and wants to understand the application of slow living eco-tropical themes and concepts to the design of health retreat facilities and solutions to problems proposed by urbanites.
This study focuses on the ideology of cultural dualism in the VW Beetle and Jeep Jimny as two car-shape shrines at Pura Paluang Nusa Penida, Bali. These two worship altars are to worship Ida Ratu Gede Ngurah Sakti and Hyang Mami or called Shiva-Durga in the pantheon of the gods of Hinduism. The architectural design of the two car-shape shrines are unique and different from most mainstream Balinese Hinduism. This shows the existence of a collective view that has ideological nuances. This qualitative study with descriptive analysis, obtained data through observation, interviews, library research and documentary techniques. The informants were determined using the purposive and snowball technique. All the data were analyzed in order to draw conclusions. The result of the study shows that the dualism of cultural ideology has inspired the development of worship altars in the form of the car-shape shrine. Primarily representing the two poles of culture. East-traditional culture is the most intense-sacred, with the profane on the side of modern-western culture. The mimicry strategy and the hybrid mechanism are very dominant in shaping the ultimate architectural identity. Socially, it legitimizes the dominant political power, identity, belief, orientation of the collective action of the people of Nusa Penida. Keywords: ideology of cultural dualism, car-shape shrine, Paluang Temple Nusa Penida Bali
The architecture of the palinggih ‘Balinese shrine’ is generally built based on the design of a sacred Hindu building according to the guidelines of traditional Balinese architecture, but different from the two architectural forms of shrines in Nusa Penida, Bali. This study focuses on the transformation of the belief system of Nusa Penida’s local coastal community belief system, which is realized into ulam agung (king of fish) and pedau (traditional sailboat) sacred buildings. The results of the study show that the transformation of the metaphor architectural shrine occurs because of the mastery, placement, and conversion of cultural, social, symbolic, and economic capital, that crosses individual and collective habitus in the realm of the Nusa Penida local coastal community belief system. The system of people’s belief in local gods undergoes a process of osmosis into gods in the pantheon of Hinduism. The socio-religious practice is also influenced by their level of knowledge, reasoning, and experience of the architectural form of the shrine as a symbolic Hindu religious building.
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