The last decade is characterized by an explosive growth of interest in the impact of red beet root on human health. In the review information on the chemical composition and nutritional value of red beet as well as pigments biological effects are presented. Analyzed reports abound on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and chemo-preventive Beta vulgaris phytochemical activity, its impact on gastrointestinal and cardiovascular system as well as endurance exercise performance. In details the red beet nitrates bioconversion and its role in blood pressure regulation have been described. The first information on red beetroot juice impact on iron metabolism is summarized. Beet processing methods, which led to the appearance of a lot of conventional red beet products, functional food, and dietary supplements, are described. Fractionated red beetroot juice on the molecular mass basis is prospective for senile sarcopenia as well as senile cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease prevention. The aim of this review is to discuss red beetroot biological effects and new trends in the studies, targeted on development of new functional food products as well as medicines.