In order to clarify the significance of various methods for determining the state of the fetus during its hypoxia, we studied the content of placental lactogen (PLH) in the blood and amniotic fluid, the activity of histidase and urocaninase in them, and also studied the cardiac activity of the fetus using the oxytocin test in 109 pregnant women.
The levels of estradiol and progesterone receptors in the myometrium of 19 patients subjected to planned cesarean section were studied. Nine of these patients had competent cicatrices on the uterus, which was confirmed by preoperative studies and during the operation. For comparison, the myometrium of patients at the same terms of gestation subjected to planned abdominal delivery without history of cesarean section was examined. No significant differences were revealed in estradiol and progesterone reception in the myometria of parturients with and without competent cicatrices on the uterus.Key Words: cesarean section; estradiol and progesterone receptors; myometrium A higher incidence of cesarean sections in recent years is explained by extension of indications for this operation, among which relative indications for fetal interests predominate [ 1,4].Abdominal delivery must be absolutely safe for the mother, i. e., complications during and after the operation and in subsequent pregnancies and deliveries must be ruled out. Nevertheless, even an excellently performed cesarean section, like any other abdominal operation, involves the probability of numerous complications (wound infection, adhesions, etc.). The risk of abdominal delivery for the fetus consists in the probability of delayed neurological disorders. Therefore, any possibility for delivery per vias naturalis should be used.At present, one of the main indications for cesarean section is a cicatrix on the uterus after a previous intervention [2]. However, if an incompetent cicatrix on the uterus is an absolute indication for repeated cesarean section, vaginal delivery is permissible in cases with full-value cicatrices. Hence, the development of new criteria for assessing the cicatrix competence in addition to those used at Moscow Regional Institute of Obstetrics mad Gynecology; Russian State Medical University, Moscow present (a totality of anamnestic, clinical, and echographic data) is an important task [5]. The mode of delivery is determined by the competence of the cicatrix on the uterus. Effect of previous cesarean section on the main parameters of the reproductive system remains not clear. Female sex hormones regulate the course of gestation and delivery. Progesterone (P4) modulates the oxytocin receptor affinity in the myometrium [7,8,10], the role of estradiol (E2) is confirmed by a drastic increase in the mRNA-RE concentration in the myometrium during spontaneous labor [9,12]. Comparative study of the hormone and receptor status of pregnant women with and without cicatrices on the uterus helped adequately assess the probability of spontaneous delivery in a patient with a history of cesarean section. MATERIALS AND METHODSPlasma levels of E 2 and Pa and content of their receptors (RE 2 and RP4, respectively) in the myometrium were studied in 19 patients with cicatrices on the uterus and without a history of cesarean section subjected to planned abdominal delivery at 38-40 weeks. The main group consisted of 9 partu-0007-4888/98/0005-0509520
The absence of hot flushes in postmenopausal women is not a sign of well being. These women have unfavorable lipid's profile and lower BMD than women who have or had hot flushes in the past. Their metabolic parameters are like those with severe and frequently hot flushes. Thus, they need active physician's attention. The revealed differences in hormonal profile mean that not only low levels or decrease of E2 but alteration of adrenal and thyroid function play some role in the pathogenesis of hot flushes.
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