The study examined the rice farmer's productivity in Wase Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria; the objectives were to estimate profitability of rice farming in the study area and determine the socio economic factors affecting rice farmer's productivity. Primary data were used for this study with the aid of well-structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting rice farmers in the study area. Three major rice producing districts were purposely selected from the Local Government Area followed by the random selection of the villages from each districts. In all, 153 rice farmers were randomly selected from six village's. Gross margin analysis revealed that the production of rice is profitable with the gross margin of N216,576. The multiple regression estimates for determinant of productivity among rice farmers reveals that the coefficient of age, educational level and farm size were negatively significant at 1% level while the quantity of seed and fertilizer were positively significant at 5%. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations are necessary for more sustainable rice production in the study area.
Water is an essential commodity which affects life and livelihoods in the universe. This study examined perceived effect of water scarcity on livelihoods in Iwoye-Ketu, Ogun State. Random sampling was used to select 80 rural households and water samples for the study. Data collected were analysed using descriptive, inferential and laboratory analyses. Findings showed that the mean age of respondents was 38 years with an average household size of four persons. The major sources of water were boreholes (97.5%) and rainwater (90.0%), the average trekking time to the water source was 24 minutes and the households requires an average of 162 litres of water per day. Water analysis’ result showed that the water has pH (6.87), total dissolved solids (0.175 mg∙dm−3), temperature (29.9°C) and turbidity (0.6 FTU). The major causes of water scarcity include insufficient rainfall (97.5%), increased sunlight intensity (97.5%), pollution of water sources (95.0%) and increased population (93.8%). About 60% of them perceived water scarcity to have a negative effect on their livelihoods. Correlation analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between usage of water (r = 0.370, p < 0.01) and perceived effect of water scarcity. It was concluded that water available for household use is not sufficient, although it is safe but contain some elements which are not of World Health Organization standard for good potable water. It is recommended that the community should build a hub for water collection and distribution close to the village centre and the government should provide water infrastructures to increase the supply of potable water.
In order to survive and thrive in their pathways out of poverty, rural households may engage in a livelihood strategy such as daily dependent on forest products resources that could have an implication on the environment. This study focused on a case study of rural households’ daily dependent on forest products, their pathways out of poverty and its implication on the environment in the Toro Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria using a total of 200 questionnaires distributed in four wards of the study area. Data obtained show that the most exploited tree was Parkia biglobosa (64%) and this was due to its abundance in the study are. The study revealed gross unsustainable use of forest and forest products due to poverty, unemployment (34%), illiteracy (76.5%), house hold size (3.5-61.5%), poor income and high demand for forest and forest products for sale to increase income and improve family standard of living. Poor management of this challenge would create problems for the future generations and the goal of environmental sustainability would be far from reality. Government should set up strong regulatory frame work for the use of the forest resources, while checking indiscriminate felling of trees.
The study was carried out to analyze the impact of agricultural transformation agenda (ATA) on the income of rice farmers in North central zone of Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 992 rice farmers comprising 429 respondents from beneficiaries and 563 from the non-beneficiaries. Primary data were collected on prices of variable inputs of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries and constraints using structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, net farm income analysis, two sample t-test and propensity score matching. The net farm income (NFI) for ATA beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries was ₦47,241.42/ha and ₦38,935.35/ha, respectively, an indication that rice production was profitable in the study area. The mean test revealed P≤0.01 statistical difference in the input used by beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. The impact of agricultural transformation program on beneficiaries’ income showed a statistically significant difference between the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. It was concluded that the ATA program had an impact on the beneficiaries’ income thereby enhanced an increased livelihood of the farmers. It was recommended that governments should make provisions for early delivery of agricultural inputs.
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