The flooding and axial mixing characteristics of a 15 cm diameter reciprocating plate extraction column with six different plate arrangements handling kerosene dispersed in water are reported. A general correlation for flooding in the emulsion flow regime is developed and applied to the present results and to published data on other columns and systems. Under certain conditions of flow and agitation, the axial mixing is very high because of circulation, but it can be reduced by including baffles in the plate stack.
The
rate of diffusion-controlled removal of Cu2+ from a dilute
solution containing a fluidized bed of ion-exchange resin in a batch
stirred parallel-plate electrochemical reactor was investigated. The
variables studied were the concentration of ion-exchange resin, impeller
rotation speed, and impeller geometry. The rate of mass transfer of
Cu2+ removal was measured in three cases, namely, (i) ion
exchange without electrolysis, (ii) electrolysis without ion exchange,
and (iii) combined electrolysis and ion exchange. The presence of
ion-exchange resin during electrolysis was found to increase the rate
of Cu2+ removal by a factor ranging from 1.18 to 1.78 compared
to that obtained by electrolysis alone. A simple mathematical model
was developed to account for the enhancing effect of ion-exchange
particles. The electrical energy consumption decreased in the presence
of ion-exchange resin by an amount ranging from 3.6% to 53%. The radial-flow
impeller was found to give higher rates of removal than the axial-flow
impeller.
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