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Borosilicate sols based on tetraethoxysilane and boric acid (or trimethyl borate) are synthesized. It is demonstrated that the introduction of organic oligomers into borosilicate sols changes the gelation kinetics, affects the composition and structure of the prepared nanocomposites, and makes it possible to produce socalled ormoborosils. Ultrasonic treatment has a strong effect on the gelation kinetics in borosilicate sols, the characteristics of the sol-gel system, and the structure and composition of the borosilicate composites. The phase composition of the synthesized xerogels is investigated by thermal analysis, and the chemical composition is studied by IR spectroscopy. The inference is made that the sol-gel synthesis of borosilicate nanocomposites leads to the formation of multilevel fractally aggregated nanocomposites.

Proton-conducting silicophosphate sol-gel systems modified by water-and alcohol-soluble lowmolecular and high-molecular organic compounds (such as polyionenes, polyaminoguanidine, and organosilicon monomer) are synthesized by the sol-gel method. The physicochemical processes occurring in the course of the synthesis are investigated. It is revealed that the introduction of polyionenes into the sol-gel systems prevents the formation of silicon pyrophosphate crystals in the resulting silicophosphate nanocomposites (upon their heat treatment) and favors an increase in the protonic conductivity to 10 -2 S/cm over a wide range of temperatures (0-120 ° C).

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