The molecular structure of mixed hydrous and anhydrous ethanol with up to 10% v n-heptane had been studied. The burning velocity was examined in a cylindrical explosion combustion chamber. The result showed that the burning velocity of hydrous ethanol is higher than anhydrous ethanol and n-heptane at stoichiometric, rich, and very rich mixtures. The burning velocity of hydrous ethanol with n-heptane drops drastically compared to the burning velocity of anhydrous ethanol with n-heptane. It is caused by two reasons. Firstly, there was a composition change of azeotropic hydrous ethanol molecules within the mixture of fuel. Secondly, at the same volume the number of ethanol molecules in hydrous ethanol was less than in anhydrous ethanol at the same composition of the n-heptane in the mixture. At the mixture of anhydrous ethanol with n-heptane, the burning velocity decreases proportionally to the addition of the n-heptane composition. The burning velocity is between the velocities of anhydrous ethanol and n-heptane. It shows that the burning velocity of anhydrous ethanol mixed with n-heptane is only influenced by the mixture composition.
The role of hydrogen bond molecule clustering in laminar burning velocities was observed. The water in hydrous ethanol can change the interaction between water-ethanol molecules. A certain amount of water can become oxygenated which increases the burning velocity. The hydrogen bond interaction pattern of ethanol and water molecules was modeled. Based on the molecular model, azeotropic behavior emerges from ethanol-water hydrogen bond, which is at a 95.1%v composition. The interaction with water molecule causes the ethanol molecule to be clustered with centered oxygenated compound. So, it supplies extra oxygen and provides intermolecular empty spaces that are easily infiltrated by the air. In the azeotropic composition, the molecular bond chain is the shortest, so hypothetically the burning velocity is anticipated to increase. The laminar burning velocity of ethanol fuel was tested in a cylindrical explosion bomb in lean, stoichiometric, and rich mixtures. The experimental result showed that the maximum burning velocity occurred at hydrous ethanol of 95.5%v composition. This discrepancy is the result of the addition of energy from 7.7% free ethanol molecules that are not clustered. At the rich mixture, the burning velocity of this composition is higher than that of anhydrous ethanol.
This study examines the acceptance of computer-based accounting information systems at the Village Micro Financial Institutions (Lembaga Perkreditan Desa or LPD), by adopting the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Modification of the model performed on external factors, because these factors are determined by the LPD's background as a traditional financial institution owned by indigenous villages. The study uses a non-experimental quantitative approach and ex-post facto research. Data collected by survey method, using a questionnaire. The respondents were selected randomly proportional from employees LPD in Badung regency and Denpasar city. The operational transaction processing, financial and management reporting at LPD is not fully utilizing computerbased accounting information system. Meanwhile, the structural model developed based on the theoretical study is not well supported by empirical data. The total effect of external factors on the actual use of computer-based accounting information systems in the LPD is not significant. Further research is needed, with revise the model and consider additional indicators as part of the external variables in order to provide a comprehensive model. Keywords: accounting information systems, information technology, technology acceptance model, village micro financial institutions (LPD), structural equation model. AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji penerimaan sistem informasi akuntansi berbasis komputer pada LPD di Bali, mengadopsi Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Modifikasi dilakukan pada faktor eksternal, karena faktor ini sangat ditentukan oleh latar belakang LPD sebagai lembaga keuangan milik desa adat yang bersifat tradisional. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif non-eksperimen dan bersifat expost facto. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei, menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpul data. Sampel penelitian diambil secara acak proporsional (proportional random sampling) dari karyawan LPD yang ada di Kabupaten Badung dan Kota Denpasar. Operasional LPD dalam pemrosesan transaksi, pelaporan keuangan dan pelaporan manajemen belum sepenuhnya memanfaatkan sistem informasi akuntansi berbasis komputer. Sementara itu, model hubungan struktural yang dikembangkan berdasarkan kajian teoritis belum sepenuhnya didukung oleh data empiris. Pengeruh faktor eksternal terhadap penggunaan sesungguhnya sistem informasi akuntansi berbasis komputer di lingkungan LPD bersifat tidak nyata. Perlu dilakukan kajian lanjutan dengan merevisi model serta mempertimbangkan indikator-indikator tambahan sebagai bagian dari variabel eksternal agar dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif.Kata Kunci: sistem informasi akuntansi, teknologi informasi, technology acceptance model, lembaga perkreditan desa, model persamaan struktural. PendahuluanSaat ini, teknologi infomasi sudah menjadi kebutuhan dasar bagi setiap perusahaan dalam menjalankan aktifitas bisnisnya. Kombinasi sistem informasi akuntansi (SIA) dengan teknologi informasi telah menjelma menjadi alat bantu utama...
The application of flat plates to the field of wind harvesting requires a lot of research toward the understanding of the flutter behavior of the plates. There are shortages of articles that discuss the effect of varying the angles of attack to the flutter speed of a flat plate. This research aims to conduct a basic experimental research on the effect of relative position of a thin-flat plates to the direction of the air flow to its flutter speed. In this study, a thin-flat plate was placed in a subsonic wind tunnel to test its flutter speed. The position of the plate was varied in various angles of attack. The effect of the angles of attack to the flutter speed was observed.
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