The article presents the results of the study of growth-stimulating and antifungal activity of strainsBacillus thuringiensisssp.fukuokaensisssp.morrisoni, ssp.toumanoffi, ssp.dakotaand ssp.amagiensis. The positive effect of all studied strains on morphometric parameters of spring rape and spring wheat seedlings was revealed. Treatment of spring rape seeds with spore-crystal mixtures ofB. thuringiensiscontributed to a significant increase in the length of roots by 1.93.4 times and sprouts – by 1.3-1.9 times, depending on the strain. Stimulation of plant growth was also observed in the inoculation of spring wheat seeds with suspension strains ofB. thuringiensis. However, a significant positive effect was revealed only in the variant with the use of the strain ofB. thuringiensisssp.fukuokaensis. There was a downward trend in the number of spring wheat seedlings affected with root rot when the seeds were treated with the strains ofB. thuringiensisssp.morrisoni,ssp.dakota,ssp.amagiensis. In the experiments with pure cultures it was found that all tested strains ofB. thuringiensisshowed a high degree of antagonistic activity to two types of phytopathogens. The inhibitory activity of the strains ofB. thuringiensison the 10th day of the experiment with regard toFusarium oxysporumranged from 68 to 83%,Alternaria alternata– from 71 to 89%. The analysis showed that all studied strains ofB. thuringiensisstimulated the growth of plants of spring rape and spring wheat and showed antifungal activity. The obtained data are of interest for further research in order to create multifunctional biological preparations for plant protection.
The scientific research aims to establish the effect of modern insectofungicides Prestige and Respect on the development of potato rhizoctoniosis in agroecosystem crops in the region. The authors evaluated the effectiveness of the preparations under the conditions of production planting of potatoes in JSC “Sea Fields” during the period from 2015 to 2020. Under farm conditions, seed tubers are heavily (on average 38.5%) infested with sclerotia of the fungus R. Solani. Such requirements ensure that the pathogen is transmitted with the planting material yearly. During the study, the authors found that seed dressing reduced the infestation of tubers with the sclerotia form of the rhizoctoniosis pathogen by a factor of 4, thereby ensuring the interruption of the epiphytotic process. Insectofungicides protected potato seedlings already in the early plant growth and development stages. Insectofungicides reduced the number of dead potato seedlings in the field from 8.5% to 0.13%. Rhizoctoniosis in this farm developed on stalks in the form of an epiphytosis. Without seed tubers dressing, the prevalence of rhizoctoniosis was 72% to 88%. And the development of rhizoctoniosis disease was 27.1%, reaching almost 40% in some years. With the application of dressing, the growth of rhizoctoniosis on the stolons decreased by three times and did not exceed 8.8%. The number of damaged stolons was reduced by 2.2 times, and fallen stolons by 2.3 times. Introduction in the technology of growing potatoes dressing of seed tubers by insectofungicides allowed to reduce the total score of plants affected by rhizoctoniosis by 6.8 times. At the same time, the protective effect of insectofungicides Respect and Prestige was identical. The biological efficacy of insectofungicides ranged from 54.9% to 98.8%, while the economic efficiency was 17.7% to 24.2%.
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