One of the main tasks in the fight against anemia is to carry out preventive measures, to develop and to introduce new preparations containing iron, to provide the pharmaceutical market with anti-anemic agents. That's why to investigate the chronic toxic effect of Iron(IV) hexahydrazide clathrochelate (new iron-containing drug) in mice was the article's aim. The study of chronic toxic effect of Iron(IV) clathrochelate was performed on 45 white mice (19–25 g) separated into 3 groups: control (I) and two experimental (II and III). Animals of II and III groups were daily fed the water solution of Iron(IV) clathrochelate at a rate of 125.8 and 251.6 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. It was monitored the dynamics of body weight of white mice, relative coefficients of the mass of internal organs, hemoglobin content and morphological parameters of blood, biochemical indices of blood serum on the 10th, 20th and 30th day of the experiment. It was established a decrease of body weight by 16–21% and relative weight indices of internal organs (liver, kidney, heart, and spleen) – by 5– 43% in white mice of II and III experimental groups, respectively. Changes in the morphological composition of the blood showed stimulation of leukocytopoiesis. A significant decrease in creatinine (hypocreatinemia) and uric acid (hypouricemia) was observed, which indicates an increase in the filtration capacity of the renal glomeruli. Complex studies of the effect of Iron(IV) clathrochelate solution (at a dose of 125.8 and 251.6 mg/kg of body weight) did not cause any visible signs of intoxication and death of animals at the first time. Iron(IV) clathrochelate solution (at a dose of 125.8 mg/kg of body weight) is demonstrated more safe effect.
Prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets is an important preventive measure to ensure the health of pigs, as mortality from this pathology is quite high, and animals that recover from treatment do not realize their own potential productivity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of iron (IV) clatrochelate in combination with cyanocobalamin for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets compared to the traditional scheme of prevention of this disease. To achieve this goal, 2 groups of newborn piglets-analogues were formed during their retention with suckling sows – control and experimental, 15 animals in each. The experiment lasted 30 days. Piglets in the experimental group were selected from sows given 10 ml of 10 % iron (IV) clatrochelate solution and cyanocobalamin solution twice intramuscularly during pregnancy. Piglets of the control group according to the traditional scheme of prevention of iron deficiency anemia on the second day of life were administered iron dextran drug (at the rate of 200 mg of iron (III) per injection). The results of the study show that the body weight of piglets from 1 to 9 days of their life who are born from sows which used iron (IV) clatrochelate and cyanocobalamin during pregnancy was less (P < 0.001) than the body weight of piglets which used iron dextran on the 2nd day after birth; did not differ on the 12 day of life, but on the 30 day was higher than the body weight of piglets in the control group 1.15 times (P < 0.001). The level of protein in the serum of piglets of the experimental group from birth to 30 day of life was probably higher compared to the control, which indicates that iron (IV) clatrochelate stimulates protein synthesis in the body. Therefore, double injection of 10 % solution of iron (IV) clatrochelate in a dose of 10 ml in combination with injections of cyanocobalamin at a dose of 500 mcg of active substance to pregnant sows pregnant sows 14 and 7 days before the expected farrowing provides a preventive effect of iron deficiency anemia in piglets born to them.
23 Науковий вісник Львівського національного університету ветеринарної медицини та біотехнологій імені С.З. Ґжицького Сучасні тенденції на вітчизняному ринку ферумвмісних препаратів для тварин І.М. Деркач irina1215@ukr.net Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України, вул. Полковника Потєхіна, 16, м. Київ, 03041, Україна У статті наведено аналіз вітчизняного ринку ветеринарних препаратів Феруму. Встановлено, що нині він представлений 13-ма лікарськими засобами групи QВ03A Протианемічні засоби. Препарати заліза, згідно з АТС-vet класифікацією. Асортимент на 38% забезпечений фармацевтичним товаром українських виробників: Біовета, а.с. (Чеська Республіка). У складі сучасних препаратів використано декстрановий комплекс гідроксиду феруму (III). 46% лікарських засобів містять його комбінації з іншими активнодіючими речовинами. У 4-х препаратах, а саме Ферровет+В12, окрім нього є ціанокобаламін. Вітаміни інших груп, інактивована нормальна сироватка крові свиней входять до складу ГАФЕРВІТу (Біовета, а.с., Чеська Республіка) та Суіферовіту (Біовет Пулави Cп. з о.о., Польща). З вищезазначених тільки ФЕРРОВЕТ+В12 є препаратом вітчизняного виробництва (ТОВ «Ветсинтез»).Ключові слова: фармацевтичний ринок, виробник, продукція, товар, імпорт, ветеринарний препарат, Ферум, декстран.
A new class of highly valent iron compounds is formed by atmospheric oxidation in aqueous media and it is extremely stable both in solid and soluble conditions and may exist indefinitely in a medium without signs of degradation. The first clathrochelate complexes of iron (IV) are infinitely stable in water and readily available from simple, commercially available, inexpensive source materials with surprisingly mild reaction conditions. To create new drugs on their bases, research on their toxicity is required. In this study, the results of preclinical studies of a new iron clathrochelates drug are presented. Experiments were carried out on white rats and quails, which in the previous experiment were divided into five experimental and two control groups. The solution of iron clathrochelate complexes was administered intragastrically in doses 50, 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg, respectively. Our results have shown that there were no grounds for using rats in the advanced experiment because the conducted research has established that iron clathrochelate is non toxic to rats. Thus, the minimum dose of iron clathrochelate complexes did not cause death of quails, and the largest dose caused 100% mortality. The basic experiment was conducted on 6 groups of birds, each consisting of 7 quails. The drug was administered in the following doses: 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 mg/kg. The monitoring observation of the laboratory birds lasted for 14 days. It has been established that the average lethal dose of clathrochelate of the investigated drug for internal administration in quails is 764 ± 33 mg/kg. According to the classification of chemicals by the degree of danger (State ST 12.1.007-76), iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes correspond to the third class of hazard, and according to the classification of substances for toxicity they are classified as category 4 (low toxicity substances). The prospect of further research is to investigate the pharmacological and toxicological properties of iron (IV) clathrochelate for chronic toxicity.
Anemia is one of the most common non-contagious diseases of pigs. Modern antianemic drugs have several drawbacks, so finding new drugs is a pressing issue. We previously reported the results of preclinical studies of iron in rare high valence IV. This allowed us to determine, supplement, and generalize the data on clinical studies of the new drugs with the active substance iron (IV) clathrochelate. Therefore, we studied its antianemic effect on piglets. Experiments were carried out on piglets-analogues neonates, which were divided into three groups: control and two experimental groups. Piglets were kept with sows on suckling. For the purpose of prevention of iron deficiency anemia, the traditional solution of iron dextran was administered once intramuscularly to piglets of I control group. The aqueous solution of iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes was administered once intramuscularly to piglets of II experimental group. Iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes were dissolved in a solvent of rheopolyglucin and administered once intramuscularly to piglets of III experimental group. 1 mL of test solutions contained 100 mg of active substance. The investigative material were the samples of blood and serum of piglets, their liver and spleen. The experiment lasted during a 30-day period since the birth of the piglets. According to the results of the experiments, iron (IV) clatrochelate complexes which were dissolved in water for injection and rheopolyglucin had higher antianemic activity compared to the control. This is evidenced by the dynamics of probable changes in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin content and hematocrit, iron content in serum and its mass fraction in the blood, liver and spleen of piglets. The effectiveness of the action of iron (IV) clatrochelate complexes is demonstrated by the full supply of piglets with iron and its higher bioavailability.
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