Impaired nutritional status is a frequent complication of congenital heart disease (CHD). Non cyanotic congenital heart disease (NC-CHD) have problem with lung overfl ow and heart failure. Consequences of Cyanotic congenital heart disease (C-CHD) are decrease pulmonary blood fl ow and prolong hypoxia. These conditions can have eff ect on nutritional status and outcome of surgery. This study aimed to compare anthropometric profi les of children with C-CHD and NC-CHD. Cross-sectional study conducted in 66 children, age 3 months until 5 years old who met inclusion criteria in Pediatric Cardiology Outpatient Unit Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in November 2012. A total of 66 children, consisted of 26 children with C-CHD and 40 children NC-CHD included in study. We measure weight, length/height, head circumference, upper arm circumference, and skin fold thickness. We used Chi Square test for statistical analysis with Confi dence Interval 95%. Mean age of both groups was 27.82 ± 16.63 months. Majority of NC-CHD was Ventricular Septal Defect (28.6%) and C-CHD was Tetralogy of Fallot (21.4%). There were no signifi cant diff erence from weight for age, length for age weight for length, head circumference for age, mid upper arm circumference for age, mid upper arm circumference for age, and skin fold thickness for age between children with C-CHD and NC-CHD (p= 0.80; 0.98;0.54 0.29; 0.80; 0.53 respectively). There were no diff erence in anthropometric profi les among children with cyanotic congenital heart disease and non-cyanotic congenital heart disease in this study.

Background: Daunorubicine, a type of anthracycline, is a drug commonly used in cancer chemotherapy that increases survival rate but consequently compromises with cardiovascular outcomes in some patients. Thus, preventing the early progression of cardiotoxicity is important to improve the treatment outcome in childhood acute lymhoblastic leukemia (ALL). Objective: The present study aimed to identify the risk factors in anthracycline-induced early cardiotoxicity in childhood ALL. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by observing ALL-diagnosed children from 2014 to 2019 in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. There were 49 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were treated with chemotherapy using Indonesian Childhood ALL Protocol 2013. Echocardiography was performed by pediatric cardiologists to compare before and at any given time after anthracycline therapy. Early cardiotoxicity was defined as a decline of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) greater than 10% with a final LVEF < 53% during the first year of anthracycline administration. Risk factors such as sex, age, risk stratification group, and cumulative dose were identified by using multiple logistic regression. Diagnostic performance of cumulative anthracycline dose was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Early anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity was observed in 5 out of 49 patients. The median cumulative dose of anthracycline was 143.69±72.68 mg/m 2 . Thirty-three patients experienced a decreasing LVEF. The factors associated with early cardiomyopathy were age of ≥ 4 years (PR= 1.128; 95% CI: 1.015-1.254; p= 0.001), high risk group (PR= 1.135; 95% CI: 1.016-1.269; p= 0.001), and cumulative dose of ≥120 mg / m 2 (CI= 1.161; 95% CI:1.019-1.332). Conclusion: Age of ≥ 4 years, risk group, and cumulative dose of ≥120 mg/m 2 are significant risk factors for early cardiomyopathy in childhood ALL.

Background: The most common complication in acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) is heart failure which definitive diagnosis and therapy remain unsatisfactory. Heart failure’s progression is often associated with oxidative stress process. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the first line antioxidant of defense against superoxide anion. While Catalase (CAT) breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen molecules which complements previous detoxification carried out by SOD. Objective: This study aimed to compare the differences of SOD and CAT levels in acyanotic CHD patients between those with and without heart failure. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on three to ten years old children with a left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD with and without heart failure in the Pediatric Cardiology outpatient clinic, ward, and emergency room of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from April-July 2020. Echocardiography was used to establish the diagnosis of CHD, while Pediatric Heart Failure Score (PHFS) criteria was used to indicate heart failure. T-test was undertaken for analysing the difference between both groups. Results: The total samples were 41 children, consisted of 29 subjects in the case group (CHD with heart failure) and 12 subjects in the control group (without heart failure). The level of SOD in CHD with heart failure was lower (74.670+15.705) than those without it (109.163+3.111) (p<0.05). In contrast, level of CAT in CHD with heart failure was higher (25.895) than those without it (13.976) (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference of SOD and CAT levels in acyanotic CHD between those with and without heart failure.

Introduction: In developing countries, rheumatic heart disease (RHD) affects 19 per 100.000 children. There are few systematically collected data on children with RHD in developing countries. Objective:To describe the clinical profile of children with RHD in Indonesia. Method:A cross-sectional study was conducted on children diagnosed with RHD who came to the paediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from June 2014 to June 2015. Demographic data and clinical characteristics of RHD were collected.Results: Fifty children were diagnosed with RHD during the study period. The median age was 10.9 years. Female to male ratio was 1.2:1. At the time of initial diagnosis, 28% children had acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and 72% had RHD. Major clinical manifestations were carditis (86%), polyarthritis migrans (10%) and chorea (2%). Minor clinical manifestations were fever (36%), arthralgia (8%). positive C-reactive protein (60%), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (68%) and prolonged PR interval on electrocardiogram (2%). Raised anti-streptolysin O titre was present in 44%. The common valve lesions were MR (86%), tricuspid regurgitation (42%) and aortic regurgitation (38%). Conclusions:Carditis was the commonest major clinical manifestation in past ARF and MR the commonest valve lesion in children with RHD.

Introduction: Acyanotic congenital heart defect is a congenital structural abnormality arising from incomplete formation of the heart or major blood vessels which generally do not interfere with the amount of oxygen or blood that reaches the body's tissues so that cyanosis are rarely found in these patients. This research aims to evaluate the profile of acyanotic congenital heart defect patients in Paediatric Cardiology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya period of January – December 2016 based on 4 variables; gender, age, nutritional status, type of congenital heart disease and symptoms. Until 2017, the profile of acyanotic congenital heart defect in children in Outpatient Unit of Paediatrics Department Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya has not been much researched, so this research is expected to be used as learning reference for practitioners and other readers, and also as a reference in developing management strategies for children with acyanotic congenital heart defect in the future. Methods: This was a descriptive non-experimental study using cross-sectional design and was performed by evaluating medical record of acyanotic congenital heart defect patients in Department of Paediatrics Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya period of January – December 2016 and analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results: The results of this study revealed that majority of acyanotic congenital heart defect patients were female (53.85%) with age range between 0 – <5 years old. Atrial septal defect (ASD) was the most common type of acyanotic congenital heart defect (49.8%), with sign and symptom that is commonly found in patients were failure to thrive (61.94%). Majority of patients also suffered from growth disruption with most of patients aged 0 – <5 years old are severely underweight (42.46%) and most of patients aged 5 – 18 years old are having malnutrition (38.23%).

Penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) mempengaruhi sekitar 0,8% sampai 1,2% dengan angka kejadian kematian adalah 81 kasus per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Umumnya, PJK adalah kelainan struktural jantung dan (atau) pembuluh darah besar yang muncul saat lahir. Keterbatasan pengetahuan petugas kesehatan tentang etiologi, faktor risiko, dan tingginya heterogenitas PJK merupakan hambatan utama untuk pencegahan dan skrining dini. Metode:Pelatihan dilaksanakan melalui webinar dengan peserta tenaga kesehatan di Lumajang. Materi yang diberikan meliputi cara deteksi dini, diagnosis dan terapi, serta simulasi kasus PJK. Pre dan Post-test digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat pengetahuan. Kunjungan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi dan oksimetri nadi oleh dokter spesialis jantung anak dilaksanakan dua minggu kemudian di Lumajang.Hasil: Ada 140 peserta yang mengikuti pelatihan webinar. Nilai rata-rata pre-test adalah 11,13/15 dengan hanya 5 peserta yang mendapat nilai sempurna. Di akhir webinar, nilai rata-rata post-test adalah 14,34/15 dengan 115 peserta yang akhirnya mendapat nilai sempurna. Sebanyak 28 anak diperiksa dengan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi. Didapatkan 20 anak terdiagnosis PJK sianotik, 6 anak terdiagnosis PJK sianotik, dan 2 anak normal. Pada pemeriksaan oksimetri nadi, semua bayi memiliki saturasi oksigen 95% atau lebih dan tidak ada perbedaan lebih dari 3% antara situs pra dan pasca duktus.Kesimpulan:Pelatihan webinar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan petugas kesehatan tentang deteksi dini PJK dan ada 93% anak yang didiagnosis PJK di antara peserta skrining di Lumajang.Kata kunci  : Penyakit Jantung Bawaan; Penyaringan; Ekokardiografi; Anak-anak; webinar; Oksimetri nadi.Abstract Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects approximately 0.8% to 1.2% with incidence rate of mortality was 81 cases per 100,000 live births. Generally, CHD is a structural abnormality of the heart and (or) great vessels that is present at birth.  Limited knowledge among health workers for the etiologist, risk factors, and the high heterogeneity in CHD constitutes the major obstacles for prevention and early screening.  Method:The training was implemented through webinar with health workers participants in Lumajang. The topics contained how to early detect, diagnosis and therapy, and cases simulation of CHD. Pre and Post-test were used to evaluate knowledge level. The visitation of echocardiographic and pulse oximetry screening by Pediatric cardiologist was held two weeks later in Lumajang.Results:There were 140 participants during the webinar training. The mean score of pre-test was 11.13/15 with only 5 participants who got the perfect score. At the end of the webinar, the mean score of post-test was 14.34/15 with 115 participants who finally got the perfect score. Total 28 children were screened by echocardiography examination. There were 20 children diagnosed with acyanotic CHD, 6 children with cyanotic CHD, and 2 children were normal. At the pulse oximetry screening, all baby had an oxygen saturation at 95% or above and there was no difference more than 3% between a pre and post-ductal site.Conclusion:Webinar training can improve the knowledge among health workers about early detection of CHD and there were 93% children diagnosed with CHD among screening participants in Lumajang.Keywords: Congenital Heart Disease; Screening; Echocardiography; Children; Webinar; Pulse Oximetry.

No abstract

Highlights:1. The incidence of respiratory tract infection (RTI) showed no difference between patients with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD).2. RTI patients with acyanotic CHD experienced longer hospital lengths of stay. AbstractIntroduction: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is the leading cause of children mortality rate in the world. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common congenital disease that plays a role in RTI incidents. However, between the 2 types of CHD, which type that is more potential to cause the RTI is not well identified. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and hospitalization time of RTI between 2 types of CHD and describe the profile of the patients based on gender, age, nutrition, and immunization status.Methods: This retrospective study identified the medical records of children with RTI and all types of CHD aged 0-18 years old at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The diagnosis of CHD was observed by echocardiography and RTI was observed by clinical symptoms.Results: Of 135 patients, the incidence of RTI showed no difference between a patient with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD. The majority of the patient was aged less than 3 years old (93.3%) and dominated by male patients (53.3%). The frequency of children with severe underweight and good nutritional status was equal. There were 85 patients who had incomplete immunization based on their age. The most common type of acyanotic CHD was an atrial septal defect (ASD). Cyanotic CHD was dominated by the tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). Pneumonia was the common type of RTI (108/135). RTI patients with acyanotic CHD had a longer time of hospitalization than cyanotic patients (11 days).Conclusion: This study found that RTI patients with acyanotic CHD experienced longer hospital lengths of stay.