For the municipal solid waste (MSW) to be used in a proper way, it is necessary to implement clean technologies capable of thermal treatment of MSW and RDF in order to produce heat and electricity while meeting current ecological requirements. Nowadays, a number of technologies for MSW/RDF thermal treating are being used worldwide. Among them, the most proven technologies, applicable for industrial introduction, have been considered while analyzing their advantages/ disadvantages accounting for local conditions of Ukraine.
The necessity to implement advanced combustion technologies to utilize MSW/SRF/RDF and coal reject waste is an important problem for Ukraine to be solved. The introduction of such technologies will favor to involve annually about 2 mln t of RDF and partly cover deficit of bituminous coal, lack of which is currently faced. The technological niche for CFB combustion of RDF/SRF has certain optimal range bearing in mind technological, ecological (2010/75/EU Directive etc.) and financial performance. In view of this it seems reasonable to implement CFB for RDF/SRF firing starting from boiler steam capacity of 50-75 t/h while stoker firing of RDF could be efficiently implemented for lower range. The design of such boiler should rely upon lessons learned of commissioning and operating large-scale CFB boiler (having steam capacity of 670 t/h; 545/545 C) we obtained at Starobeshevo Power Plant in Ukraine. Accounting for the above the analysis of implementation and modifications made at large-scale CFB boiler (cyclones, seal pot, fluidized bed heat exchangers) has been done. The experience was used to design (along with KB “Energomashproekt”) medium-scale CFB boiler (having steam capacity of 75 t/h; 500 C) to burn high ash coal washering wastes and RDF/SRF. The sketch-3D-design of such boiler is presented with key performance. Bibl. 6, Fig. 4, Tab. 4.
The results of determination of parameters of porous structure of coal and char particles are presented. They were determined using gas adsorption method and thermal decomposition of particles in air oxygen. The porous structure parameters allow predicting char reactivity change at different temperatures as well as during conversion in accordance with Random Pore Model (RPM-model).
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