Background: Previous studies demonstrated that individual components of metabolic syndrome affect prostate-specific antigen levels negatively or otherwise in men. However the influence of metabolic syndrome on serum PSA is inconclusive and unknown in this community setting. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate the relationships between metabolic syndrome and its components with serum PSA levels. Methods: The survey was a cross sectional conducted in a semi urban community in Jigawa state, Northern Nigeria. The subjects comprises 352 healthy men. Simple convenient sampling technique was used to recruit consenting adults. The study protocols was approved by the local health authority. All persons with symptoms of prostitis or urinary obstruction were excluded. The data obtained included personal and anthropometric, while lipids, glucose, TSH and serum PSA were measured using ELISA technique. The IDF criteria of metabolic syndrome were used. Serum PSA levels of >5.0 ng/ml is considered as risk of prostate cancer. The data was analysed using SPSS 23 version. Results: A total of 352 adults were screened with mean age 37.8(9.4) years and mean serum total PSA of 2.73(4.10)ng/ml. The proportion found with total serum PSA >5.0ng/ml was 10.8% (38/350). Metabolic syndrome was found in 6.8% (24/350) of the study subjects and had serum total PSA of 1.8(1.1) as against 2.9(4.2) in those without metabolic syndrome p<0.05. The Weight, WC, BMI and TG levels were higher in those with raised serum PSA than in those with normal serum PSA values; 64.4(12.5)/61.9(9.7)kg, 83.6(12.9)/78.8(9.8)cm, 22.8(3.5)/22.0(3.8) and 1.08(0.67)/0.89(0.52)mmol/L respectively >0.05. Logistic regression showed positive linear relationship between central adiposity with total serum PSA. p<0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that the risk of prostate cancer is inversely related to the metabolic syndrome and positively associated with central adiposity.
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