The paper considers various aspects of kinship studies, namely, why and for what reasons the kinship systems have evolved and why they were so important, new kinship theories, incest taboo, terms of kinship, affinal kinship terms and the code of conduct to be maintained among affinal relatives. Kinship in human societies have evolved as a powerful mechanism for coordination, cooperation and as a resolution to conflict and tension connected with resource access. Incest taboo is an inalienable topic in kinship studies, which is also a strong mechanism ensuring the reproduction of healthy offspring and preservation of sound gene pool. Lately the changes taking place in societies gave rise to new conceptualization of families and kinship relations. One interesting topic, which the paper considers, is Kazakh affinal kinship and the code of conduct of each relative. The system of Kazakh kinship terms is very ramified and difficult for other peoples to understand, especially the terms of kinship by marriage. The study of this layer of vocabulary is relevant, since kinship in the Kazakh society plays an important role, and the traditions of behavior between relatives have not undergone significant changes.
This article is devoted to the history of commerce development in foreign countries and in Kazakhstan. Studying the history of commerce development will help us successfully organize activities in the field of commodity circulation. The experience of the past allows us to find ways to apply it in the present, to avoid some mistakes. Understand why some countries get rich and what we need for successful trade. The study of the past allows us to identify some patterns of development and predict possible options for the future. Understand the main factors for promoting trade as geographical location, development of handicraft production. Knowledge of the history of Commerce development makes it possible to better understand the market situation in our own country and in the world. Another advantage is that knowledge of the history of the origin and development of Commerce and entrepreneurship will make it possible to support or justify decisions in further commercial or entrepreneurial activities, based not only on economic knowledge, but also on historical background. It is necessary to know the history of cross-border and international trade, which has contributed to the development of both culture and the economy of Kazakhstan.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.