Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as chemokine CCL2) is a vital chemokine that mediates inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We analyzed the associations between the baseline plasma MCP-1 level, longitudinal cognitive changes, and genetic effects of CCL2 rs1024611 and its receptor, CC-chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) rs1799864, in AD. In total, 310 AD patients and 66 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients were followed for 2 years, and 120 controls were recruited at baseline for comparison. After adjusting for covariates using one-way analysis of covariance, AD patients had higher plasma MCP-1 levels compared with MCI patients and controls, and severe AD patients had the highest levels. After adjusting for covariates using generalized estimating equation analysis, the results showed that the baseline MCP-1 level was significantly correlated with changes in the two-year Mini-Mental Status Examination (p = 0.046). The A allele of CCR2 rs1799864 was associated with a higher MCP-1 level in AD and MCI patients. In conclusion, plasma MCP-1 might reflect the risk and disease course of AD. A higher plasma MCP-1 level is associated with greater severity and faster cognitive decline. Additionally, the CCR2 polymorphism may play a role in the regulation of MCP-1/CCR2 signaling in AD.

A77with prevention of chronic disease and cancer over a one-year time horizon in the US. Age-and sex-specific population statistics, incidence, and mortality rates were used to model the prevalence and costs of chronic disease (Alzheimer's, depression/suicide, diabetes, heart failure, Parkinson's, stroke) and cancer (bladder, breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, leukemia, liver, oral, pancreatic, prostate). Relative risks of chronic diseases and cancers by cups of coffee consumed daily were obtained from meta-analyses of prospective cohort and case-control studies. US daily coffee consumption, duration of disease, and attributable disease costs were obtained from the literature. The model was validated by comparing predicted disease-specific health care costs to estimates from published disease burden analyses. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was conducted. Results: The model estimates that US coffee consumption prevents over 50,000 chronic disease and cancer deaths per year and results in an estimated health care savings of $33.4 billion per year

The first observed treatment date was designated as the index date. Patients were followed until the earliest of death, or end of enrollment or study period. Patients were assigned to one of four cohorts based on treatment line (TL) number. Treatment combinations, length of therapy and incidence rate of death were calculated. Results: A total of 11,078 patients were included for study, with the majority treated with one TL (63%), 22% with two, 8% with three and 7% with four TL. The most frequently prescribed treatment was 5FU/LV in all first TL (1 TL: 65.8%; 2 TL: 62.3%; 3 TL: 50.1%; 4 TL: 41.0%). Patients with three or four TL were prescribed significantly more OX+biologics for the first TL than patients with one or two TL. During the second TL, 5FU/LV and OX were most frequently prescribed. More variances were observed in the third and fourth TL. Length of therapy for each TL ranged from 86 to 104 days. The incidence rate of death was similar between patients with one and two TL (19.66 per 100 patient years), and higher for patients with three (26.28) and four TL (22.41). ConClusions: 5FU/LV was the most frequently prescribed first TL. Incidence of death was higher in patients with third or fourth TL. The greater diversity in the third and fourth TL is likely due to either the absence of proven therapies or the incidence of KRAS with tumors. However, multivariate analysis is needed to further confirm these findings.

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