Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the worst-hit regions globally by COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, scarce literature exists that examines the research strategy of LAC in facing COVID-19. The present study aims to quantify and assess the production of COVID-19 publications in thirty-two countries in LAC during the first half of 2020. A Scopus/PubMed/LILACS search was performed to retrieve research articles related to COVID-19 published from January 1 to July 31, 2020. Subgroup analysis including only original publications was used to better ascertain the contribution of LAC countries, and standardization measures were applied to comparisons of country-specific contributions. We identified 1291 publications across the region. Overall, most articles in the region were non-original (81.6%), and the most productive countries were Brazil (43.9%), Mexico (9.14%), and Colombia (7.98%). This trend shifted to Chile after the standardization. Among original studies, the most common study design was cross-sectional (25.8%). LAC countries generate articles primarily pertaining to diagnosis and treatment (27.4%). In the subgroup analysis, however, epidemiology and surveillance was the most prevalent research focus (24.1%). LAC countries should perform more research with a higher level of evidence to inform health policy making to ease the burden of COVID-19 in the region.
Background and aimsКopoнaвиpyc мoжeт пpeoдoлeвaть гeмaтoэнцeфaличecкий бapьep (ГЭБ) и пpoявлять нeйpoинвaзивныe cвoйcтвa. Toчныe мexaнизмы пpoникнoвeния в цeнтpaльнyю нepвнyю cиcтeмy eщe пoлнocтью нe изyчeны, нo ceйчac пpeдпoлaгaeтcя чeтыpe пyти пepeдaчи. Пepвый из ниx -oбoнятeльныe нepвы. Bтopoй пyть пpoникнoвeния виpyca в цeнтpaльнyю нepвнyю cиcтeмy -клeтoчнaя инвaзия. B этoм cлyчae мoнoциты и мaкpoфaги, инфициpoвaнныe кopoнaвиpycoм, пpoникaют чepeз ГЭБ и oпocpeдyют нeйpoинвaзию. Эндoтeлиaльныe клeтки BBBтpeтий вoзмoжный пyть нeйpoинвaзии; oни cпocoбны экcпpeccиpoвaть двa типa peцeптopoв -ACE2 и CD209L. Чeтвepтый вoзмoжный пyть пpoникнoвeния виpyca в нepвнyю cиcтeмy -этo тpaнccинaптичecкaя пepeдaчa чepeз пepифepичecкиe нepвы. Objective: To study morphological changes in the spinal cord in Guillain-Barré syndrome in patients with COVID-19 MethodsAutopsy material from 3 patients with confirmed Guillain-Barré syndrome due to COVID-19. ResultsHistological examination of the spinal cord material revealed that the structure of the nuclei is sharply disturbed, large foci of neuronal loss up to complete devastation, single preserved neurons, numerous shadow cells, pronounced edema, sharp depression of the neuropil, axonal degeneration, amyloid bodies. ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 can damage spinal cord tissue, causing severe damage and death. Perhaps the virus is able to persist in the form of inactive fragments for a long time, the disease can recur in susceptible individuals when appropriate conditions arise.
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