H. RUPPERSBERG et al. : Non-Linear Surface-Stress Fields o,,(z) and uyy(z) 68 1 phys. stat. sol. (a) 116, 681 (1989) Subject classification: 62.20 and 68.25; S1.2 For single-phase polycrystalline materials the relation is discussed between the elastic strain ~( y , p) obtained from X-ray diffract'ion experiments and the polynomial expansion of the stress components oJo) and O~+ Q O ( Z ) with respect to the distance z from the external surface of the specimen. -1 universal plot is proposed for F(y, to, (hkl)) = +(c(p) + ~( p + 90)) curves measured for different penetration depths t o of the radiation and for different reflecting lattice planes. This expression also allows absolute scaling of the E values. The formalism is applied for discussing s(y, p, to, (hkl)) curves obtained with synchrotron radiation from a cold-rolled nickel plate. They indicate strongly non-linear variations of stress in a surface layer about two pm thick. F u r einphasige vielkristalline Werkstoffe wird der Zusammenhang zwischen rontgenographisch ermittelten Dehnungen ~( y , p) und den nach dem Xbstand z von der Grenzflache in Reihe entwikkelten Spannungskomponenten oB(z) und O~+ Q O ( Z ) erortert. Es wird eine universelle Auftragung fur E(y, to, (hkl)) = -;-(e(p) + ~( p + 90))-Kurven vorgeschlagen, die fur beliebige Eindringtiefen t o und reflektierende Netzebenen ermittelt werden. Es ergibt sich daraus auch die Moglichkeit, E absolut zu bestimmen. Der Formalismus wird auf c ( y , p, to, (hk2))-Kurven angewendet, die mittels Synchrotronstrahlung fur ein kaltgewalztes Pu'ickelblech erhalten wurden. Es ergeben sich stark nichtlineare Spannungsanderungen in einer etwa 2 pm dicker, Oberflachenschicht.
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