The dependence of sunflower meal fractionation on the following factors was investigated: quality of original meals, 37.5%, 40.0% and 42.5% crude protein; screen hole size, 1.5 mm, 2.0 ram, 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm; and single phase and two-phase fraetionation. The following conclusions were drawn. The increased protein levels in original meals (from 37.5% to 42.5% crude protein) had considerably greater effects on the quality than on the yield of the protein fractions. Increased screen hole size (from 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm) increased the yield of the protein fractions by 16.4-22.3%, but reduced the protein level in these fractions by 2.3-2.8%. Two-phase fractionation of the original meals with 40.0% and 42.5% crude protein increased the protein yield in the resulting protein fractions by 15.5-22.8%. The most efficient fractionation procedures rendered high yields of attractive protein fractions that contained 44.0-47.5% crude protein. The protein fractions were analyzed for physico-functional constants and • Rmlno acid composition. The most efficient and applicable fractionation procedures, those that may be successfully used in oil refineries, were selected.KEY WORDS: Amino acids, decellulosing, fractionation, physical characteristics, protein fraction, sunflower meal.Conventional sunflower meals contain 34% and 37% crude protein and 23% and 18% crude cellulose (1). These un-
The aim of this paper is to maintain soil fertility on an organic farm without livestock production by using alfalfa green biomass. The research was carried out on the farm of Mokrin PP company, by modeling and sizing of crop rotation with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on the non-carbonate humoglay. To ensure a cost-effective technical solution, alfalfa seed production was organized. In the autumn of 2015 alfalfa sowing was carried out in a field of 5 ha. Green biomass of the first and third cuttings, as well as crop residue after harvesting of seeds in the second cutting, were mowed and chopped by harvester for low silage and stored in the silage-pit. After nine months, a mature alfalfa compost was obtained with optimum values of total nitrogen (5.04%), organic matter (42.56%), C/N, pH, humidity, and EC. Two-year alfalfa utilization is the recommended time in this research because to the following benefits: in crop rotation, alfalfa field is provided with nitrogen by symbiotic ni?trogen fixation and the alfalfa is cultivated every five years in the same field, while in the middle of that period the field is fertilized with compost produced on the farm. The amount of compost obtained by crop rotation (2016 - 48.80 t; 2017 - 62.30 t) is enough for about 20% of the arable area per year. Thus, the fields are fertilized every fourth year with 10 t ha-1 of compost. Thanks to alfalfa biomass and seed and also nitrogen fixation, maintaining soil fertility is resolved in a sustainable and natural way. [Projects of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III 46005 and Grant no. III 46006]
Područje stavljana čuvanih sorata na sortnu listu Republike Hrvatske, proizvodnja sjemena i stavljanje na tržište odrađena je implementacijom članka 9. Međunarodnog ugovora o biljnim genetskim resursima za hranu i poljoprivredu, koji se odnosi na prava poljoprivrednika koja je u nacionalnom zakonodavstvu provedena donošenjem propisa o upisu čuvanih sorti na Sortnu listu Republike Hrvatske i njihovom stavljanju na tržište (Pravilnik o upisu sorti u Sortnu listu, Narodne novine, br. 45/08, 84/08, 77/13, 136/15, 57/17, 70/18, 75/19 i 62/20. i Pravilnik o stavljanju na tržište sjemena čuvanih sorti, Narodne novine, br. 43/13 i 40/14). Također propisi Europske unije uređuju proizvodnju, priznavanje i stavljanje na tržište čuvanih sorti.
Pet krmnih trava, ježevica (Dactylis glomerata L.), francuski ljulj (Arrhenatherum elatius Presl.), italijanski ljulj (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), crveni vijuk (Festuca rubra L.) i visoki vijuk (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) su ispitivane na nezagađenom njivskom zemljištu na oglednom dobru "Radmilovac" u Beogradu, i na odlagalištu pepela termoelektrane "Nikola Tesla A" (TENT A) u Obrenovcu. Merene su koncentracije As, Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Fe i Cu u zemljištu i pepelu, kao i u tkivima ispitivanih vrsta trava u cilju utvrđivanja zdravstvene bezbednosti u ishrani domaćih životinja. Uzorci trava su prikupljani u fazi klasanja, u punom vegetativnom razvoju. Skidana je nadzemna biomasa u 3 ponavljanja na visini od 3-5 cm, oponašajući ispašu ili kosidbu. Analiza je pokazala visok sadržaj As i Ni u pepelu dok je sadržaj svih elemenata u zemljištu bio u dozvoljenim koncentracijama. Koncentracije As, Cd, Fe i Ni su bile više u travama sa pepelišta, koncentracije Pb i Cu u travama sa njivskog zemljišta, dok su koncentracije Zn bile slične u uzorcima sa oba lokaliteta. Rezultati ispitivanja ukazuju da krma trava sa obe lokacije ne akumulira metale iznad tolerantnog nivoa za ishranu goveda, ali da se mora oprezno pristupiti mogućnosti korišćenja trava sa pepelišta za krmu.
U strukturi sjetve strnih žitarica Khorasan pšenica u Hrvatskoj zauzima najmanje površine. Globalne klimatske promjene ukazuju na potrebu uzgoja starih vrsta i odabira norme sjetve u svrhu ostvarivanja visokih prinosa dobre kakvoće. Tijekom 2020. godine provedena su poljska ispitivanja o visini prinosa i kakvoći sjemena s različitim varijantama norme sjetve. Korištene su sljedeće varijante norme sjetve 150 kg/ha, 180 kg/ha i 220 kg/ha. Pokus je postavljen po slučajnom blok rasporedu u HAPIH - Centru za sjemenarstvo i rasadničarstvo u Osijeku (N 45°31´, E 18°40´) s tri varijante norme sjetve u tri repeticije. Prema dobivenim rezultatima analize varijance najveći prinos i hektolitarsku masu ostvarila je varijanta 3 (220 kg/ha), te su utvrđene statistički opravdane razlike. Između varijanti norme sjetve na sadržaj proteina nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike (n.s.). Cilj provedenog ispitivanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj najpovoljnije norme sjetve na prinos i kakvoću sjemena khorasan pšenice.
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