A possibility of stationary solitary electrostatic waves with large amplitude in symmetric unmagnetized symmetric pair plasmas (e−e+ plasma, C60−C60+ plasma or e−h+ plasma) is proven. The main idea of the work is a thermodynamic unequilibrium of plasma species which may be created in low-density ideal pair plasmas. Ranges of parameters (Mach number M and a nonequilibrium degree τ=T+∕T−) which lead to the possibility of solitary waves are found.
A review of a technique for the application of a new Lambert W function for solving transcendental equations arising in classical problems of plasma and electron beam theories is presented, and the basic mathematical properties of the Lambert W function are outlined. The problems discussed include equilibrium electric charge of a solitary body in plasma, nonlinear ion-acoustic waves, the equilibrium configuration of a neutralized electric beam, the dynamics of shaping virtual cathodes in a medium with viscous friction, and the study of the dispersion equation for electron plasma waves in the framework of generalized Boltzmann kinetics.
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