The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of nano-calcined clay (NCC) and nano-lime (NL) on some engineering properties of the expansive clayey soil. Three soil samples quarried from three different sites in the south of Syria have been investigated. They were thermally treated up to three different levels (450, 650 and 850°C) for 3 hours. Then, they were ground to have a particle size of less than 100 nano-meter. Three replacement levels of NCC were used, i.e. 0%, 1% and 2%. XRD technique has been employed to detect the phases occurring in the clayey samples before and after the thermal treatment. Pozzolanic activity of the calcined clayey soil has been studied using the modified Chapelle test. Atterberg limits, compaction, free swell, swelling pressure, linear shrinkage, shear strength and CBR have particularly been investigated. Test results revealed the positive effect of NCC. Plasticity index (PI) was reduced by more than 50% when 2% NCC was added to the natural soil. In addition, 0.6% NL was added to further investigate the combined effect of NL and NCC on the properties of the clayey soil. All investigated properties were significantly improved when NCC and NL were added together, i.e. swelling pressure and linear shrinkage values were reduced to less than 15% when compared with those of the natural soil.
This corrigendum corrects the following error. There was a missing reference in the reference list. This has been included as reference 18. [18] Al-Swaidani A M, Hammoud I., al-Ghuraibi I and Mezyab A 2019 Nanocalcined clay and nanolime as stabilizing agents for expansive clayey soil: Some geotechnical properties Advances in Civil Engineering Materials 8(3) 327-345 [19] Gueddouda M K, Goual I, Lamara M and Mekarta B 2011 Chemical stabilization of expansive clays from Algeria Global J. of Researches in Engineering: J. General Engineering 11(5) 1-8 Reference 18 should have been referred to at the following points. [20] Kariuki PC, Shephered K D and Van Der Meer F D 2006 Spectroscopy as a tool for studying swelling soils. In: alRawas AA, Goosen, MFA editors Expansive soils-recent advances in characterization and treatment 15-24 (London, UK: Taylor and Francis Group) Table 1. The reference [18] should have been indicated in the caption Figure 2(a), Figure 2(b) and Figure 2(c). The reference [18] should have been indicated. Figure 7 the reference [18] should have been indicated. The reference (Gueddouda et al.) numbered as 18 in the older copy was corrected to 19. See the selection of the reference list above. Figure 8 should include a reference to [18]. Figure 9. The reference [18] should be indicated. The reference (Kariuki et al.) numbered 19 in the older copy was corrected in this version to 20. See attached reference list above. Table 4. The reference [18] should have been indicated References list Reference [18] was added in this version. See above list.
Expansive clayey soils cover wide areas in Syria. Their undesirable properties have caused serious damage to infrastructure. Many attempts have been made to stabilize the expansive clayey soils, most common of which was the use of lime. No detailed work on using calcined expansive clay as a soil stabilizing agent was found in the literature. The objective of this article is to investigate the effect of nanocalcined clay and nanolime on some geotechnical properties of the expansive clayey soil. Three expansive clayey soil specimens quarried from three different sites in the south of Syria have been investigated. They were thermally treated at three different levels (450°C, 650°C, and 850°C) for 3 h. Then, they were ground to have a particle size of less than 100 nm. Three replacement levels of nanocalcined clay were used, i.e., 0, 1, and 2 %. The X-ray diffractometer technique was employed to detect the crystalline and glassy phases in the clayey samples before and after the thermal treatment. Pozzolanic activity of the thermally treated clayey soil was studied using the modified Chapelle test at each of the temperature levels. Atterberg limits, compaction, free swell, swelling pressure, linear shrinkage, and shear strength have particularly been investigated. Test results revealed the positive effect of nanocalcined clay when added to the original soil. Plasticity index was reduced by more than 50 % when 2 % nanocalcined clay was added to the original soil. In addition, 0.6 % nanolime has been added to further investigate the combined effect of nanolime and nanocalcined clay on the properties of the clayey soil. All investigated properties have significantly been improved when nanocalcined clay and nanolime were added together, i.e., swelling pressure and linear shrinkage values were reduced to less than 15 % when compared with those of the original soil.
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