Method of definition thermodynamic functions of heavy oil organic mass processed by underwater spark discharge The methods of preparing oils for pipeline transport associated with the mechanical effect on high-viscosity and highly paraffinic oil is today a topical problem for refineries. As is known, the most promising method today is the method of electrohydropulse discharges, which allows to regulate the oil dispersed system properties by changing the sizes and forms of complex structural units. Creation environmentally friendly synthetic liquid fuels production supposes the improvement technology of upgrading high-viscosity oil process. To solve this problem, along with experimental studies, thermodynamic analysis of various upgrading ways of high-viscosity oil is necessary. Such calculations must be carried out by giving different compounds' classes contained in highly viscous hydrocarbon compounds. A deep study of the transformations mechanism of high-viscosity oil's organic mass from the Karazhanbas field is a prerequisite for developing new highly effective hydrogenation processes. Therefore, this article is devoted to study kinetics and thermodynamics of the high-viscosity oil processing from the Karazhanbas field.
Physical properties and forecasted resources of Shubarcol coal deposit At the presented work was described the method of estimating the forecasted reserves of mineral deposits. A general formula is proposed that relates the differentiated reserves of a mineral with its physical properties. As a physical value, both the results of geophysical exploration methods and measurements in laboratory conditions on core samples and formation samples can be used. Comparison of the reserves calculated by the proposed formula, but with different physical quantities, showed good accuracy of the proposed method. The method is used to estimate the reserves of the Shubarkol coal field, where the detailed geological exploration has not been carried out. The calculation gave total reserves of about 3 billion tons. The proposed method allows reducing the volume of geological exploration work and reducing the costs of their implementation.
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